Ex vivo system for determining multiple drug-drug transporter interactions and methods of use thereof
Methods and compositions for determining multiplex interactions between drugs and drug transporters using an intestinal tissue explant are provided.
1. An ex vivo system for use in determining multiplex interactions between a candidate drug and two or more drug transporters in an intestinal tissue explant, the system comprising:
(i) an intestinal tissue explant in planar contact with a substrate, wherein the intestinal tissue explant comprises intestinal epithelium from a large, non-human, mammalian gastrointestinal tract, wherein the intestinal epithelium comprises epithelial cells having a polarity in the tissue explant and two or more drug transporters, and wherein the tissue explant provides a luminal surface and a basolateral surface; and
(ii) two or more agents for use in reducing or eliminating expression of the two or more drug transporters in the intestinal tissue explant, wherein the two or more drug transporters are on the luminal surface of the tissue explant and selected from: p-glycoprotein (p-gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), multidrug resistance 2 (MRP2), monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), and peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1), wherein the two or more agents are two or more siRNA molecules selected from the group consisting of:
(1) a p-gp targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 91 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 92;
(2) a MRP2 targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 93 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 94;
(3) a BCRP targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 95 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 96;
(4) a PEPT1 targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 99 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 100; and
(5) a MCT1 targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 101 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 102,
wherein the system provides for multiplex interactions between the candidate drug and the two or more drug transporters to be determined by contacting the intestinal tissue explant with the candidate drug before and after expression of the two or more drug transporters is reduced or eliminated in the intestinal tissue explant.
2. The ex vivo system of claim 1 , wherein the two or more drug transporters comprise (i) p-gp and BCRP; (ii) p-gp and MRP2; (iii) BCRP and MRP2; or (iv) p-gp, BCRP and MRP2.
3. The ex vivo system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a plurality of microwells.
4. The ex vivo system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a first plate comprising the plurality of microwells and a second plate, wherein the tissue explant is between the first and second plates.
5. The ex vivo system of 4 , wherein the second plate comprises a plurality of microwells.
6. The ex vivo system of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of microwells of the first plate are through holes, and wherein the plurality of microwells of the second plate are receiving chambers.
7. A kit comprising an ex vivo system for use in determining multiplex interactions between a candidate drug and two or more drug transporters in an intestinal tissue explant, the kit comprising:
(i) an intestinal tissue explant comprising intestinal epithelium from a large, non-human, mammalian gastrointestinal tract, wherein the intestinal epithelium comprises epithelial cells having a polarity in the tissue explant and two or more intact drug transporters, wherein the tissue explant provides a luminal surface and a basolateral surface, and wherein the polarity of the epithelial cells is maintained in the tissue explant;
(ii) two or more agents for use in reducing or eliminating expression of at least two drug transporters selected from: p-gp, BCRP, MRP2, MCT1, and PEPT1, wherein the two or more agents are two or more siRNA molecules selected from the group consisting of:
(1) a p-gp targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 91 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 92;
(2) a MRP2 targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 93 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 94;
(3) a BCRP targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 95 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 96;
(4) a PEPT1 targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 99 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 100; and
(5) a MCT1 targeting siRNA molecule comprising a sense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 101 and an antisense strand comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 102; and
(iii) instructions for use of the system to determine multiplex interactions between the candidate drug and the two or more drug transporters, wherein the instructions comprise contacting the intestinal tissue explant with the candidate drug before and after expression of the two or more drug transporters is reduced or eliminated in the intestinal tissue explant.
8. A method for determining multiplex interactions between a candidate drug and two or more drug transporters, comprising:
(i) contacting the tissue explant of claim 1 with the candidate drug;
(ii) determining adsorption of the candidate drug by detecting the presence of the drug at the luminal surface and at the basolateral surface, wherein presence of the drug at the basolateral surface indicates ability of the drug to be absorbed through the tissue explant; and
(iii) comparing absorption between the tissue explant before and after expression of the two or more drug transporters is reduced or eliminated in the intestinal tissue explant,
thereby determining multiplex interactions between the candidate drugs and the two or more drug transporters.
9. A method for investigating known multiplex interactions between a candidate drug and two or more drug transporters, comprising:
(i) contacting the tissue explant of claim 1 with the candidate drug;
(ii) determining adsorption of the candidate drug by detecting the presence of the drug at the luminal surface and at the basolateral surface, wherein presence of the drug at the basolateral surface indicates ability of the drug to be absorbed through the tissue explant; and
(iii) comparing absorption between the tissue explant before and after expression of the two or more drug transporters is reduced or eliminated in the intestinal tissue explant,
thereby investigating the known multiplex interactions between the candidate drug and two or more drug transporters.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising using a machine learning algorithm to determine the known multiplex interaction.