Circular economy for plastic waste to polyethylene via refinery FCC feed pretreater and FCC units
Provided in one embodiment is a continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polyethylene polymerization. The process comprises selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene, and passing the waste plastics through a pyrolysis reactor to thermally crack at least a portion of the polyolefin waste and produce a pyrolyzed effluent. The pyrolyzed effluent is separated into offgas, a pyrolysis oil and optionally pyrolysis wax comprising a naphtha/diesel fraction and heavy fraction, and char. The pyrolysis oil and wax is passed to a refinery FCC feed pretreater unit. A heavy fraction is recovered and sent to a refinery FCC unit, from which a C 3 olefin/paraffin mixture fraction is recovered, which is passed to a steam cracker for ethylene production. In another embodiment, a propane fraction (C 3 ) is recovered from a propane/propylene splitter and passed to the steam cracker.
1. A continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for ethylene production comprising:
(a) selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene;
(b) passing the waste plastics from (a) through a pyrolysis reactor to thermally crack at least a portion of the polyethylene and/or polypropylene and produce a pyrolyzed effluent;
(c) separating the pyrolyzed effluent into offgas, char and a pyrolysis oil and optionally wax comprising a naphtha/diesel fraction and a heavy fraction;
(d) passing the pyrolysis oil and wax from (c) to a refinery FCC feed pretreater unit;
(e) recovering a pretreated pyrolysis oil and wax from the FCC feed pretreater unit and passing it to a refinery FCC unit, wherein the volume flow of the pretreated pyrolysis oil and wax to the FCC unit comprises up to but no more than 50 volume % of the total hydrocarbon flow to the FCC unit, wherein the remaining hydrocarbon flow to the refinery FCC unit comprises vacuum gas oil (VGO);
(f) recovering a liquid petroleum gas C 3 olefin/paraffin mixture fraction and a gasoline fraction from the refinery FCC unit; and
(g) passing the liquid petroleum gas C3 olefin/paraffin mixture fraction to a steam cracker for ethylene production.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein a C4 stream and a heavy fraction are recovered from the refinery FCC unit.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein ethylene produced in (g) is subsequently polymerized.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein polyethylene products are prepared from the polymerized ethylene.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the gasoline fraction recovered from the refinery FCC unit is sent to a gasoline blending pool.
6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the amount of gasoline produced by the refinery FCC unit is increased with recycled pyrolysis oil.
7. The process of claim 2 , wherein the heavy fraction and C 4 stream recovered from the refinery FCC unit are sent to refinery units for upgrading into gasoline and diesel fuels.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, silica, dienes and metal contaminants are removed from the recovered pyrolysis oil of step (c) by the FCC feed pretreater unit before the oil is passed to the FCC unit in (e).
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the waste plastics passed from (a) contain less than 50 ppm halides.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the waste plastics contain less than 5 wt. % polyethylene terephthalate and polyvinyl chloride.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the waste plastics selected in (a) are from plastics classification group 2, 4, and/or 5.
12. A continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for ethylene production comprising:
(a) selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene;
(b) passing the waste plastics from (a) through a pyrolysis reactor to thermally crack at least a portion of the polyethylene and/or polypropylene and produce a pyrolyzed effluent;
(c) separating the pyrolyzed effluent into off gas, char and a pyrolysis oil and optionally pyrolysis wax comprising a naphtha/diesel fraction and a heavy fraction;
(d) passing the pyrolysis oil and wax from (c) to a refinery FCC feed pretreater unit;
(e) recovering a pretreated pyrolysis oil and wax from the FCC feed pretreater unit and passing it to a refinery FCC unit, wherein the volume flow of the pretreated pyrolysis oil and wax to the FCC unit comprises up to but no more than 50 volume % of the total hydrocarbon flow to the FCC unit, wherein the remaining hydrocarbon flow to the refinery FCC unit comprises vacuum gas oil (VGO);
(f) recovering a liquid petroleum gas C3 olefin/paraffin mixture fraction and a gasoline fraction from the refinery FCC unit;
(g) separating the C3 paraffin and C3 olefin into different fractions; and
(h) passing the C3 paraffin fraction to a steam cracker for ethylene production.
13. The process of claim 12 , wherein a C4 stream and a heavy fraction are recovered from the refinery FCC unit.
14. The process of claim 12 , wherein the gasoline fraction recovered from the refinery FCC unit is sent to a gasoline blending pool.
15. The process of claim 13 , wherein the heavy fraction and C 4 stream recovered from the refinery FCC unit are sent to refinery units for upgrading into gasoline and diesel fuels.
16. The process of claim 13 , wherein the amount of gasoline produced by the refinery FCC unit is increased with recycled pyrolysis oil.
17. The process of claim 12 , wherein sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus silica, dienes, and metal contaminants are removed from the recovered pyrolysis oil of step (c) by the FCC feed pretreater unit before the oil and wax is passed to the FCC unit in (e).
18. The process of claim 12 , wherein the waste plastics selected in (a) are from plastics classification group 2, 4, and/or 5.
19. The process of claim 12 , wherein the ethylene produced in (h) is subsequently polymerized.
20. The process of claim 19 , wherein polyethylene products are prepared from the polymerized ethylene.