Process record slide for staining and method of using the same
Described herein is a process record slide for staining. The process record slide includes a detection area for mounting a sample and a control area including one or more control targets. Also described herein is a method of using the process record slide in an immunohistochemical (IHC) or an immunochemistry (ICC) staining process.
1. A control target array comprising:
a first plurality of control targets, wherein each of the first plurality of control targets has a similar chemical or biochemical property, and the control target array is configured to:
indicate an error and performance measure of intermediate steps during an immunohistochemical or an immunochemical detection process, and
provide a reference for qualitatively or quantitatively determining a color and antigen density of stained tissue or cells.
2. The control target array of claim 1 , further comprising a second plurality of control targets, wherein each of the second plurality of control targets has a similar chemical or biochemical property different from the chemical or biochemical property of the first plurality of control targets.
3. The control target array of claim 2 , wherein the second plurality of control targets comprises a secondary target loading dot, the secondary target loading dot comprises a plurality of secondary targets, and each of the plurality of secondary targets comprises:
a host protein of a primary antibody used in the immunohistochemical or the immunochemical detection process; and
a dummy protein.
4. The control target array of claim 3 , wherein each of the second plurality of control targets comprises a same host protein, and each of the first plurality of control targets comprises different host proteins.
5. The control target array of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of control targets comprises:
a plurality of target loading dots, wherein each primary target loading dot of the plurality target loading dots comprises a protein site including a protein reactive to a host FcyRI peptide on a primary antibody, the protein is reactive to a singular or plurality of primary antibody hosts, and each protein site immobilizes a single primary antibody protein.
6. The control target array of claim 5 , wherein the FcyRI peptide is coupled to a carrier protein, and the carrier protein comprises a non-reactive protein, the non-reactive protein is non-reactive to a secondary stain reagent used in the immunohistochemical or the immunochemical detection process.
7. The control target array of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of control targets comprises a plurality of primary target loading dots, each primary target loading dot of the plurality of primary target loading dots comprises a same reactive FcyRI peptide, each primary target loading dot of the plurality of primary target loading dots has a different concentration of the reactive FcyRI peptide from each other primary target loading dot of the plurality of primary target loading dots.
8. The control target array of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of control targets comprises a plurality of primary target loading dots, each primary target loading dot of the plurality of primary target loading dots comprises a different reactive peptide, each primary target loading dot of the plurality of primary target loading dots has a different concentration of the reactive peptide from each other primary target loading dot of the plurality of primary target loading dots.
9. The control target array of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of control targets comprises a primary target loading dot, the primary target loading dot comprises a plurality of primary targets, and each of the plurality of primary target comprises an antibody against a host protein of the primary antibody used in the immunohistochemical or the immunochemical detection process.
10. The control target array of claim 1 , wherein the first plurality of control targets comprises a primary loading dot, the primary target loading dot comprises a plurality of primary targets, and each of the plurality of primary target comprises Protein A, Protein G, Protein A/G, or Protein L against the host protein of the primary antibody used in the immunohistochemical or the immunochemical detection process.
11. The control target array of claim 1 , further comprising an imaging reference loading dot.
12. The control target array of claim 11 , wherein the imaging reference loading dot comprises at least one:
a black reference target comprising carbon dust;
a white reference target, wherein the white reference target comprises a metal oxide or a metal sulfate; or
a clear reference target, wherein the clear reference target comprises a non-reactive protein to any immunohistochemical or immunochemical reagents.
13. The control target array of claim 11 , wherein the imaging reference loading dot comprises:
an anhydride-based epoxy for a white reference target and a black reference target; and
a protein from the equine family of mammals for a clear reference target.
14. The control target array of claim 1 , further comprising an antigen retrieval monitor loading dot configured to monitor a degree of antigen retrieval in the immunohistochemical or the immunochemical detection process.
15. The control target array of claim 14 , wherein the antigen retrieval monitor loading dot comprises a carrier protein or submicron bead comprising:
host proteins covalently attached for defining a 3D particle; and
a fixative under or over the host proteins.
16. The control target array of claim 1 , further comprising a paraffin coating over the first plurality of control targets.
17. A method for immunohistochemical staining, the method comprising:
subjecting a slide and a control target array to a same fixation removal process to expose antigen sites in a tissue section on the slide and to expose control targets on the control target array;
staining the tissue section and the control targets, wherein the staining comprising: applying a primary antibody to the slide, applying a secondary antibody conjugated with a moiety to the slide; and applying stain reagents that produce color in a presence of the moiety to indicate a presence of a targeted antigen.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the control target array is on the slide.
19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the control target array is configured to:
indicate an error and performance measure of intermediate steps during the immunohistochemical staining process, and
provide a reference for qualitatively or quantitatively determining a color and antigen density of the stained tissue or cells.
20. A method for immunohistochemical staining, the method comprising:
subjecting a slide and a control target array to a same fixation removal process to expose antigen sites in a tissue section on the slide and to expose control targets on the control target array;
staining the tissue section and the control targets, wherein the staining comprising:
applying one or more primary antibodies conjugated with a moiety to the slide; and
applying stain reagents that produce color in a presence of the moiety to indicate a presence of a targeted antigen.