Universal T cells and the method of use thereof
A series of recombinant DNA constructs and a method is disclosed for use in immunological therapy in general; and in disrupting T cell receptor (TCR), human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I and NKG2D (Natural-Killer Group 2, member D) ligand expression in particular, with the effect of producing highly compatible autologous universal T cells for further genetically engineering for allogeneic administration. A Universal T (UT) construct is provided and used, comprising a TCR antibody fragment fused to a transmembrane domain (TMD) and ER retention domain of adenovirus early region 3 glycoprotein E3-19k (E3/19K) (TCR-E3/19K RD). The Universal T (UT) construct can hijack ERAD machinery to arrest TCR and HLA molecules in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and facilitate their translocation into the cytoplasm for ubiquitination and degradation by proteasomes.
1. A chimeric fusion protein comprising a target protein binding moiety comprising an anti-TCRαβ scFv, one or more transmembrane domain of a viral ER-resident glycoprotein and one or more cytoplasmic domain of a viral ER-resident glycoprotein, wherein the viral ER-resident glycoprotein comprises Adenovirus E19.
2. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 1 , further comprising a hinge/linker region.
3. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 2 , wherein the hinge region or the hinge is selected from the group consisting of:
(a) an immunoglobulin hinge sequence or a functional fragment or variant thereof,
(b) a type II C-lectin interdomain (stalk) region or a functional fragment or variant thereof, and
(c) a cluster of differentiation (CD) molecule stalk region or a functional variant thereof.
4. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 2 , wherein the linker has from one to about ten repeats of Glyx Sery, wherein x and y are independently an integer from 0 to 10 provided that x and y are not both 0.
5. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 1 , further comprising a self-cleavage 2A sequence and a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR), wherein the viral ER-resident glycoprotein is a full-length viral ER-resident glycoprotein.
6. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 5 , wherein the CAR comprises a VH and VL portion of a scFv, a hinge attaching the scFv to the transmembrane domain, and an intracellular effector, wherein the scFv targets TAA, and the intracellular effector comprises the intracellular domain of CD3ζ.
7. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 1 , further comprising a self-cleavage 2A sequence and a functional T cell Receptor (TCR), wherein the TCR includes TCR a and b chain fusion protein, coding for a CDR3 region of a TCR recognizing a tumor antigen (TAA).
8. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 1 , further comprising a self-cleavage 2A sequence and chimeric NK receptor with adaptor protein fused to T cell activation signaling motif with flexible linker with or without costimulatory domain.
9. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 1 , further comprising a self-cleavage 2A sequence and a chemokine receptor that helps to direct T cells toward chemokines expressed by tumors, wherein the viral ER-resident glycoprotein is a full-length viral ER-resident glycoprotein.
10. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 3 , wherein the hinge region is a human IgG hinge region.
11. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 3 , wherein the hinge region comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 9.
12. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 3 , wherein the cluster of differentiation (CD) molecule stalk region is a natural hinge region derived from a wide-type CD molecule.
13. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 3 , wherein the cluster of differentiation (CD) molecule stalk region comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 10 to SEQ ID NO: 14.
14. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 2 , wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of (Gly4 Ser)2 (SEQ ID NO: 15) and (Gly3Ser)2 (SEQ ID NO: 16).
15. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 1 , wherein the viral ER-resident glycoprotein comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 16 to SEQ ID NO:31.
16. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 5 , wherein the self-cleavage 2A sequence comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 32 to SEQ ID NO: 35.
17. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 1 , wherein the viral ER-resident glycoprotein is selected from the group consisting of HCMV US6 and HSV ICP47.
18. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 6 , wherein the intracellular effector further comprises one or more co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to the intracellular domain of CD3ζ.
19. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 12 , wherein the wild-type CD molecule is CD8 or CD4.
20. The chimeric fusion protein of claim 9 , wherein the chemokine receptor comprises CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR9, CCR2b, CXCR1, CXCR2 or CXCR4.