Isatin derivative redoxmer for electrochemical device
An electrochemical device includes a compound that is an isatin derivative. The electrochemical device may be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, or a redox flow battery, and the isatin derivative may be a bipolar redox active material.
1. An electrochemical device comprising a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte comprising a compound represented by Formula I:
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each independently H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, or polyether with the proviso that when R 1 is H, R 3 is other than methyl and at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is other than H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently C 1 -C 10 alkyl, and R 2 and R 4 are H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, or tert-butyl; and R 2 and R 4 are H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently methyl or ethyl; and R 2 and R 4 are H.
2. The electrochemical device of claim 1 which is a redox flow battery or lithium ion battery.
3. The electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each independently H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, or polyether.
4. The electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently C 1 -C 10 alkyl, and R 2 and R 4 are H.
5. The electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, or tert-butyl; and R 2 and R 4 are H.
6. The electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently methyl or ethyl; and R 2 and R 4 are H.
7. An electrochemical device comprising:
a cathode;
an anode;
a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode; and
an electrolyte comprising:
a non-aqueous solvent;
a salt; and
an isatin derivative;
wherein:
the electrochemical device is a lithium ion battery or a sodium ion battery; and
the isatin derivative is a compound represented by Formula I:
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each independently H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, or polyether with the proviso that when R 1 is H, R 3 is other than methyl and at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is other than H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently C 1 -C 10 alkyl, and R 2 and R 4 are H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, or tert-butyl; and R 2 and R 4 are H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently methyl or ethyl; and R 2 and R 4 are H.
8. An electrochemical device comprising:
a catholyte reservoir containing a catholyte material dissolved in a first non-aqueous solvent;
an anolyte reservoir containing an anolyte material dissolved in a second non-aqueous solvent; and
a reaction chamber;
wherein:
the first and second non-aqueous solvents are the same or different;
the catholyte material, the anolyte material, or both the catholyte material and the anolyte material is an isatin derivative compound;
the electrochemical device is a redox flow battery; and
the isatin derivative compound is a compound represented by Formula I:
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are each independently H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, or polyether with the proviso that when R 1 is H, R 3 is other than methyl and at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is other than H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently C 1 -C 10 alkyl, and R 2 and R 4 are H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, or tert-butyl; and R 2 and R 4 are H; or
R 1 , R 3 , and R 5 are each independently methyl or ethyl; and R 2 and R 4 are H.
9. The electrochemical device of claim 8 , wherein the catholyte and anolyte materials are both the isatin derivative.
10. The electrochemical device of claim 8 , wherein the first and the second non-aqueous solvents are the same.