COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR OIL REMOVAL FROM FABRICS HAVING A WITH WATER REPELLANT COATING
A cleaning composition for removing oil stains from fabrics is an oil-in-water emulsion containing a silicone oil having at least 5 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at most 0.05 kPa at 25° C., at least one poly(dimethyl siloxane) having up to 2 to 4 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at least 0.25 kPa at 25° C., and an emulsifier. The cleaning composition is useful for removing oil stains from fabrics that have an applied hydrophobic coating. The cleaning composition effectively removes the oil stains with little adverse affect, and sometimes even a beneficial effect, on the water-repellency of the fabric.
1 . A fabric cleaning composition in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion, comprising
a) water;
b) a silicone oil having at least 5 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at most 0.05 kPa at 25° C.;
c) at least one poly(dimethyl siloxane) having up to 2 to 4 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at least 0.25 kPa at 25° C.;
d) an emulsifier.
2 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 1 wherein the silicone oil has a kinematic viscosity of at least 1 and up to 300 centistokes at 25° C. (as measured according to ASTM D4283-98 (2015).
3 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 2 wherein the silicone oil a linear or poly(dimethyl siloxane) having a kinematic viscosity of 2 to 25 centistokes at 25° C. (as measured according to ASTM D4283-98 (2015).
4 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 1 wherein the poly(dimethyl siloxane)s having up to 2 to 4 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at least 0.25 kPa at 25° C. include one or more of hexamethyl disiloxane; octahexyl trisiloxane, and pentamethyl tetrasiloxane.
5 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 1 wherein the poly(dimethyl siloxane)s having up to 2 to 4 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at least 0.25 kPa at 25° C. include a mixture of hexamethyldisiloxane and octamethyltrisiloxane.
6 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 1 wherein the emulsifier includes at least one nonionic surfactant and at least one nonionic surfactant.
7 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 6 wherein the emulsifier includes at least one sulfate or sulfonate surfactant and at least one alcohol ethoxylate surfactant.
8 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 1 further comprising a thickener.
9 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 8 wherein the thickener agent includes at least one of xanthan gum, locust bean gum or guar gum.
10 . The fabric cleaning composition of claim 1 which contains 50 to 95 volume-% water, 1 to 15 volume-% of the silicone oil, 1 to 7.5 volume-% of the poly(dimethyl siloxane) having up to 2 to 4 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at least 0.25 kPa at 25° C. and 0.005 to 2% volume % of the emulsifier.
11 . A method for removing oil stains from a fabric having a water-repellant coating, comprising
a) providing an oil-stained fabric, the fabric having a water-repellant coating, the water-repellent coating comprising i) a crosslinked polymer of at least one free-radical-curable monomer having at least one hydrocarbyl group that has at least eight carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl group may be nonfluorinated, partially fluorinated or perfluorinated, and ii) a silicone oil having at least 5 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at most 0.05 kPa at 25° C.;
b) applying to the oil stain a fabric cleaning composition of claim 1 ;
c) removing at least a portion of the applied fabric cleaning composition from the fabric, together with at least a portion of the oil stain.
12 . The method of claim 11 wherein the hydrocarbyl group is nonfluorinated.
13 . The method of claim 12 wherein the water-repellant coating does not contain fluorine.
14 . The method of claim 13 wherein the water-repellent coating is a polymer of a coating composition comprising (i) at least one fatty acid acrylate having 10 to 16 carbon atoms in the fatty acid group, (ii) one or more of an alkane diol diacrylate, a pentaerythritol or dipentaerythritol polyacrylate and a drying oil such as linseed, safflower or tung oil, and optionally (iii) at least one fatty acid acrylate having at least 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid group.
15 . The method of claim 14 wherein the coating composition further contains a silicone oil having at least 5 silicon atoms and a vapor pressure of at most 0.05 kPa at 25° C., and optionally a wax.
16 . The method of claim 11 wherein the fabric has an equilibrium moisture content of no greater than 15% by weight (especially no greater than 10% or no greater than 5%) after exposure to 65±2% relative humidity air at 20±2° C. until a constant moisture content is obtained.
17 . The method of claim 11 wherein the fabric is a polyester or polyamide fabric, or a polyester/polyamide blend or a blend one or more of a polyester and a polyamide with an elastomer fiber.
18 . The method of claim 11 further comprising d), after step c), drying the fabric by heat, evaporation or spinning.