Downlink user equipment selection
Aspects of the disclosure relate to a selection scheme implemented by a scheduler in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network to identify which users to schedule simultaneously during the same time slot. For downlink communications and a particular frequency wholeband or sub-band, the scheduler can determine downlink channel information using uplink channel information for channels between base stations and UEs. The scheduler can then determine a strength of the channels using the downlink channel information, order the UEs using a fairness metric based on the channel strengths, and compute one or more QR decompositions to identify whether a spatial dimension of a UE is roughly or approximately orthogonal to spatial dimension(s) of other UEs selected to be served during a time slot being scheduled. If the spatial dimensions are roughly or approximately orthogonal, the scheduler selects the UE to be served at the same time as other UEs already selected.
1. A network system comprising:
a plurality of first antenna elements of a first device; and
a scheduler in communication with the plurality of first antenna elements, the scheduler comprising a processor and computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the scheduler to:
determine channel information for channels between a plurality of second antenna elements associated with one or more second devices and the plurality of first antenna elements;
determine, for each second device in the one or more second devices, a metric based on the channel information; and
for each second device in the one or more second devices in an order based on the determined metrics, select the respective second device to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during a first time slot in response to a determination that a spatial dimension of the respective second device is orthogonal by at least a threshold angle to spatial dimensions of any other second devices in the one or more second devices already selected to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during the first time slot.
2. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to determine that the spatial dimension of the respective second device is orthogonal by at least the threshold angle to the spatial dimensions of any other second devices in the one or more second devices already selected to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during the first time slot based on a comparison of a measurement associated with the respective second device to a threshold value.
3. The network system of claim 2 , wherein the threshold value is based on a largest matrix norm of a set of matrix norms associated with the one or more second devices.
4. The network system of claim 3 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to determine a first matrix norm in the set of matrix norms associated with a first second device in the one or more second devices based on the channel information for at least one channel between the first second device and the plurality of first antenna elements.
5. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the measurement associated with the respective second device comprises a QR decomposition of the respective second device.
6. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to:
determine an average throughput of each second device in the one or more second devices; and
compute, for each second device in the one or more second devices, the metric by dividing a matrix norm of the respective second device by the average throughput of the respective second device.
7. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to:
determine an average throughput of each second device in the one or more second devices;
determine, for each second device in the one or more second devices, a number of potential spatial dimensions that will be used by the respective second device;
for each second device in the one or more second devices, divide the number of potential spatial dimensions that will be used by the respective second device by the average throughput of the respective second device to form a normalized throughput; and
compute, for each second device in the one or more second devices, the metric by dividing a matrix norm of the respective second device by the normalized throughput of the respective second device.
8. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to:
acquire second channel information for the channels; and
determine the channel information using the acquired second channel information.
9. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to determine a channel precoder for the selected second devices.
10. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to select the respective second device to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements for one of a resource block, two or more resource blocks, or a frequency band of a carrier.
11. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to determine the channel information for the channels based on one or more pilot signals.
12. A computer-implemented method comprising:
determine channel information for channels between a plurality of first antenna elements associated with a first device and a plurality of second antenna elements associated with one or more second devices;
determine, for each second device in the one or more second devices, a metric based on the channel information; and
for each second device in the one or more second devices in an order based on the determined metrics, select the respective second device to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during a first time slot in response to a determination that a spatial dimension of the respective second device is orthogonal by at least a threshold angle to spatial dimensions of any other second devices in the one or more second devices already selected to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during the first time slot.
13. The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , further comprising determining that the spatial dimension of the respective second device is orthogonal by at least the threshold angle to the spatial dimensions of any other second devices in the one or more second devices already selected to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during the first time slot based on a comparison of a measurement associated with the respective second device to a threshold value.
14. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 , wherein the threshold value is based on a largest matrix norm of a set of matrix norms associated with the one or more second devices.
15. The computer-implemented method of claim 14 , further comprising determine a first matrix norm in the set of matrix norms associated with a first second device in the one or more second devices based on the channel information for at least one channel between the first second device and the plurality of first antenna elements.
16. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 , wherein the measurement associated with the respective second device comprises a QR decomposition of the respective second device.
17. The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , further comprising:
determining an average throughput of each second device in the one or more second devices; and
computing, for each second device in the one or more second devices, the metric by dividing a matrix norm of the respective second device by the average throughput of the respective second device.
18. The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , further comprising:
determining an average throughput of each second device in the one or more second devices;
determining, for each second device in the one or more second devices, a number of potential spatial dimensions that will be used by the respective second device;
for each second device in the one or more second devices, dividing the number of potential spatial dimensions that will be used by the respective second device by the average throughput of the respective second device to form a normalized throughput; and
computing, for each second device in the one or more second devices, the metric by dividing a matrix norm of the respective second device by the normalized throughput of the respective second device.
19. Non-transitory, computer-readable storage media comprising computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by a scheduler in a baseband unit, cause the baseband unit to:
determine channel information for channels between a plurality of second antenna elements associated with one or more second devices and the plurality of first antenna elements;
determine, for each second device in the one or more second devices, a metric based on the channel information; and
for each second device in the one or more second devices in an order based on the determined metrics, select the respective second device to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during a first time slot in response to a determination that a spatial dimension of the respective second device is orthogonal by at least a threshold angle to spatial dimensions of any other second devices in the one or more second devices already selected to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during the first time slot.
20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage media of claim 19 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the baseband unit to determine that the spatial dimension of the respective second device is orthogonal by at least the threshold angle to the spatial dimensions of any other second devices in the one or more second devices already selected to communicate with one or more of the plurality of first antenna elements during the first time slot based on a comparison of a measurement associated with the respective second device to a threshold value.