Production of steviol glycosides in recombinant hosts

1. A recombinant host cell capable of producing one or more steviol glycosides or a steviol glycoside composition in a cell culture, comprising:

(a) a recombinant gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) from uridine diphosphate (UDP);

wherein the polypeptide comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:123;

(b) a recombinant gene encoding a polypeptide capable of converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate;

wherein the polypeptide comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs:2, 119, 141, 143, 145, or 147; and/or

(c) a recombinant gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) from UTP and glucose-1-phosphate;

wherein the polypeptide comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs:121, 125, 127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 137, or 139.

2. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , further comprising:

(a) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of glycosylating steviol or a steviol glycoside at its C-13 hydroxyl group thereof;

(b) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of beta 1,3 glycosylation of the C3′ of the 13-O-glucose, 19-O-glucose, or both 13-O-glucose and 19-O-glucose of a steviol glycoside;

(c) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of glycosylating steviol or a steviol glycoside at its C-19 carboxyl group thereof; and/or

(d) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of beta 1,2 glycosylation of the C2′ of the 13-O-glucose, 19-O-glucose, or both 13-O-glucose and 19-O-glucose of a steviol glycoside;

wherein at least one of the genes in items (a)-(d) is a recombinant gene.

3. The recombinant host cell of claim 2 , wherein:

(a) the polypeptide capable of glycosylating steviol or a steviol glycoside at its C-13 hydroxyl group thereof comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:7;

(b) the polypeptide capable of beta 1,3 glycosylation of the C3′ of the 13-O-glucose, 19-O-glucose, or both 13-O-glucose and 19-O-glucose of a steviol glycoside comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:9;

(c) the polypeptide capable of glycosylating steviol or a steviol glycoside at its C-19 carboxyl group thereof comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4; and/or

(d) the polypeptide capable of beta 1,2 glycosylation of the C2′ of the 13-O-glucose, 19-O-glucose, or both 13-O-glucose and 19-O-glucose of a steviol glycoside comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NO:11, 13, or 16.

4. The recombinant host cell of claim 2 , further comprising:

(e) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) from farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) and isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP);

(f) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing ent-copalyl diphosphate from GGPP;

(g) a gene encoding an a polypeptide capable of synthesizing ent-kaurene from ent-copalyl diphosphate;

(h) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing ent-kaurenoic acid from ent-kaurene;

(i) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of reducing cytochrome P450 complex; and/or

(j) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing steviol from ent-kaurenoic acid;

wherein at least one of the genes in items (e)-(j) is a recombinant gene.

5. The recombinant host cell of claim 4 , wherein:

(e) the polypeptide capable of synthesizing geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) from farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) and isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs:20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, or 116;

(f) the polypeptide capable of synthesizing ent-copalyl diphosphate from GGPP comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs:34, 36, 38, 40, 42, or 120;

(q) the polypeptide capable of synthesizing ent-kaurene from ent-copalyl diphosphate comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs:44, 46, 48, 50, or 52;

(h) the polypeptide capable of synthesizing ent-kaurenoic acid from ent-kaurene comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs:60, 62, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76 or 117;

(i) the polypeptide capable of reducing cytochrome P450 complex comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs:78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, or 92; and/or

(j) the polypeptide capable of synthesizing steviol from ent-kaurenoic acid comprises a polypeptide having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs:94, 97, 100-104, 106, 108, 110, 112, or 114.

6. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein the recombinant host cell comprises:

(a) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) from uridine diphosphate (UDP) having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:123;

(b) one or more genes encoding a polypeptide capable of converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate, each having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 and/or SEQ ID NO:119; and

(c) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing UDP-glucose from UTP and glucose-1-phosphate having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:121.

7. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein the recombinant host cell comprises:

(a) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) from uridine diphosphate (UDP) having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:123;

(b) one or more genes encoding a polypeptide capable of converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate, each having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 and/or SEQ ID NO:119; and

(c) a gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing UDP-glucose from UTP and glucose-1-phosphate having at least 90% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:121;

wherein the gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) from uridine diphosphate (UDP), the one or more genes encoding a polypeptide capable of converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate, and/or the gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing UDP-glucose from UTP and glucose-1-phosphate are overexpressed relative to a corresponding host cell lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

8. The recombinant host cell of claim 7 , wherein the gene encoding the polypeptide capable of synthesizing uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP) from uridine diphosphate (UDP), the one or more genes encoding a polypeptide capable of converting glucose-6-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate, and/or the gene encoding a polypeptide capable of synthesizing UDP-glucose from UTP and glucose-1-phosphate are overexpressed by at least 10% relative to a corresponding host cell lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

9. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes increase the amount of UDP-glucose accumulated by the cell relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

10. The recombinant host cell of claim 9 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes increases the amount of UDP-glucose accumulated by the cell by at least about 10% relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

11. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes increases an amount of the one or more steviol glycosides or the steviol glycoside composition produced by the cell relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

12. The recombinant host cell of claim 11 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes increases the amount of the one or more steviol glycosides produced by the cell by at least about 5% relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

13. The recombinant host cell of claim 11 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes increases the amount of rebaudioside A (RebA), rebaudioside B (RebB), rebaudioside D (RebD), and/or rebaudioside M (RebM) produced by the cell relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

14. The recombinant host cell of claim 13 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes increases the amount of RebA, RebB, RebD, and/or RebM produced by the cell by at least about 5% relative to a corresponding host cell lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

15. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes increases the amount of total steviol glycosides produced by the cell by at least about 5% relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

16. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes decreases the one of one or more steviol glycosides or the steviol glycoside composition accumulated by the cell relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

17. The recombinant host cell of claim 16 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes decreases the amount of the one or more steviol glycosides accumulated by the cell by at least about 5% relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

18. The recombinant host cell of claim 16 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes decreases the amount of RebB, RebD, and/or steviol-13-O-glucoside (13-SMG), accumulated by the cell relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

19. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein expression of the one or more recombinant genes decreases the amount of total steviol glycosides produced by the cell by less than 5% relative to a corresponding host lacking the one or more recombinant genes.

20. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein the one or more steviol glycosides is, or the steviol glycoside composition comprises, steviol-13-O-glucoside (13-SMG), steviol-1,2-Bioside, steviol-1,3-Bioside, steviol-19-O-glucoside (19-SMG), 1,2-Stevioside, 1,3-stevioside (RebG), rubusoside, RebA, RebB, rebaudioside C (RebC), RebD, rebaudioside E (RebE), rebaudioside F (RebF), RebM, rebaudioside Q (RebQ), rebaudioside I (RebI), dulcoside A, and/or an isomer thereof.

21. The recombinant host cell of claim 1 , wherein the recombinant host cell is a plant cell, a fungal cell, an algal cell, or a bacterial cell.

22. A method of producing one or more steviol glycosides or a steviol glycoside composition in a cell culture, comprising culturing the recombinant host cell of claim 1 in the cell culture, under conditions in which the genes are expressed, and wherein the one or more steviol glycosides or the steviol glycoside composition is produced by the recombinant host cell.