Solvent extraction of oil from distillers dried grains and methods of using extraction products
A process for extraction of crude oil from distillers dried grain solubles and/or distillers dried grains using a solvent extraction process and producing corn distillers meal that may be used as an animal feed supplement is disclosed. The corn distillers meal may be used as a crude protein supplement for use in a livestock feed diet, poultry feed diet, aquatic feed diet or the like. The solvent extracted crude oil may be suitable for other processes, including oleochemical processing for personal care and home care products, biodiesel production, and/or renewable diesel production from hydro-treating the extracted oil to make green diesel fuel.
1. An animal feed product comprising:
distillers meal comprising a corn by-product produced from a dry-grind ethanol process having at least a portion of a crude fat content removed by a solvent extraction process using a non-polar solvent, wherein the at least one corn by-product comprises distillers dried grains with solubles, distillers dried grains, or a combination thereof, wherein at least 80% of the corn by-product has a particle size of less than 1 millimeter, and wherein the distillers meal comprises a residual level of the non-polar solvent in an amount of about 10 ppm to about 1000 ppm.
2. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal comprises a crude protein content of at least 28% by weight on a dry matter basis.
3. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal comprises a crude protein content of at least 35% by weight on a dry matter basis.
4. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal comprises a crude fat content of at least 0.25% by weight on a dry matter basis.
5. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal comprises a crude fat content less than 6% by weight on a dry matter basis.
6. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal comprises a residual moisture content of about 3% to about 15% by weight on a dry matter basis.
7. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the non-polar solvent comprises one or more solvents chosen from n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, isopentane, neopentane, isohexane, 2-methylepentane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, neohexane, isoheptane, 2-methylhexane, 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane, 3-ethylpentane, 2,2,3-trimethylbutane petroleum, ether, mixtures thereof.
8. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the non-polar solvent has a boiling point in the range of about 36° C. to about 99° C.
9. The animal feed product of claim 8 , wherein the non-polar solvent comprises n-hexane, isohexane, structural isomers thereof, or mixtures thereof.
10. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein at least about 90% of the corn by-product has a particle size between about 150 microns and about 840 Microns.
11. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein at least about 95% of the corn by-product has a particle size between about 150 microns and about 710 microns.
12. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein at least about 90% of the corn by-product has a particle size between about 150 microns and about 595 microns.
13. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the animal feed product is provided in the form of a pellet.
14. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the animal feed product is produced onsite at an ethanol facility.
15. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal further comprises a lysine to a residual corn oil content fat ratio percentage greater than 20.
16. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal further comprises ash in an amount of at least 4% by weight on a dry matter basis.
17. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal further comprises crude fiber in an amount of at least 5% by weight on a dry matter basis.
18. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal further comprises acid detergent fiber in an amount of at least 11.5% by weight on a dry matter basis.
19. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal further comprises methionine in an amount of at least 0.50% by weight on a dry matter basis.
20. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal further comprises phosphorous in an amount of at least 0.7% by weight on a dry matter basis.
21. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the animal feed product is for an animal selected from a domestic pet, livestock, aquaculture, and poultry.
22. The animal feed product of claim 21 , wherein the animal feed product is for livestock selected from the group consisting of beef cattle, dairy cattle, equine, sheep, goat, and swine.
23. The animal feed product of claim 21 , wherein the animal feed product is for poultry selected from the group consisting of chickens, ducks, geese, and turkey.
24. The animal feed product of claim 21 , wherein distillers meal comprises a crude protein content of at least 28% by weight on a dry matter basis and a crude fat content of at least 0.25% on a dry matter basis.
25. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the animal feed product is an animal feed supplement for an animal feed, the animal feed supplement provided in an amount of about 5% to about 30% by weight of the total animal feed on a dry matter basis.
26. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the animal feed product is an animal feed supplement that produces a ratio of total pounds of feed per average daily gain, or F/G ratio, ranging from approximately 7 lbs. to approximately 3 lbs., or less in cattle.
27. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the animal feed product is an animal feed supplement that produces an average daily gain in cattle selected from an average daily gain of 4.0 lbs or greater after 4 weeks of feeding, 4.5 lbs. or greater after 8 weeks of feeding, 3.5 lbs or greater after 12 weeks of feeding, 3.5 lbs. or greater through 16 weeks of feeding, 3.5 lbs or greater through 18 weeks of feeding, and 4.0 lbs or greater after 18 weeks of feeding.
28. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the animal feed product comprises nutritional characteristics selected from the group consisting of approximately 0.80 Mcal/lb to approximately 0.85 Mcal/lb net energy lactation, approximately 0.85 Mcal/lb to approximately 0.89 Mcal/lb net energy maintenance, approximately 1200 kcal/lb to about 1250 kcal/lb of metabolizable energy, approximately 0.55 Mcal/lb to approximately 0.60 Mcal/lb of net energy gain, or any combinations thereof.
29. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal comprises a crude protein content of less than 35% by weight on a dry matter basis and a crude fat content of at least 0.25% on a dry matter basis.
30. The animal feed product of claim 1 , wherein the distillers meal comprises a crude protein content of at least 28% by weight on a dry matter basis and a crude fat content of less than 6% on a dry matter basis.
31. An animal feed product comprising:
distillers meal comprising a corn by-product produced from a dry-grind ethanol process having at least a portion of a crude fat content removed by a solvent extraction process using a non-polar solvent, wherein the at least one corn by-product comprises distillers dried grains with solubles, distillers dried grains, or a combination thereof, wherein the distillers meal further comprises a lysine to a residual corn oil content fat ratio percentage greater than 20, and wherein the distillers meal comprises a residual level of the non-polar solvent in an amount of about 10 ppm to about 1000 ppm.
32. An animal feed product comprising:
distillers meal comprising a corn by-product produced from a dry-grind ethanol process having at least a portion of a crude fat content removed by a solvent extraction process using a non-polar solvent, wherein the at least one corn by-product comprises distillers dried grains with solubles, distillers dried grains, or a combination thereof, wherein the distillers meal further comprises methionine in an amount of at least 0.50% by weight on a dry matter basis, and wherein the distillers meal comprises a residual level of the non-polar solvent in an amount of about 10 ppm to about 1000 ppm.