Anti-reflective film and display device including the same

1. An anti-reflective film, comprising:

a hard coating layer comprising a curable resin; and

a low-refractive layer disposed on the hard coating layer and comprising the curable resin, wherein

a pencil hardness measured on the low-refractive layer is equal to or greater than 3H, and

the curable resin comprises polysilsesquioxane represented by at least one of Formulas 4 to 9:

wherein in Formulas 4 to 9,

Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently O, NR 20 , or [(SiO 3/2 R 21 ) 4+2n O],

at least one of Y 1 and Y 2 is [(SiO 3/2 R 21 ) 4+2n 0],

X 1 and X 2 are each independently R 22 or [(SiO 3/2 R 23 ) 4+2n′ O],

at least one of X 1 and X 2 is [(SiO 3/2 R 23 ) 4+2n′ O],

R 20 to R 23 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

n and n′ are each independently an integer from 1 to 20,

R a to R c are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

n1 and n2 are each independently an integer from 1 to 100,000,

n3 is 1 or 2,

n4 is an integer from 1 to 500,

R 1 to R 7 , R 9 , R 10 , R 12 , and R 13 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, an isocyanate group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted epoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group of 1 to 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms,

R 8 and R 11 are each independently a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, an isocyanate group, a nitro group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and

R 1 and R 12 are different from each other.

2. The anti-reflective film of claim 1 , wherein the low-refractive layer comprises a first nanoparticle having a size in a range of about 40 nm to about 100 nm.

3. The anti-reflective film of claim 2 , wherein

the hard coating layer has a refractive index in a range of about 1.45 to about 1.6,

the low-refractive layer has a refractive index in a range of about 1.25 to about 1.45, and

the refractive index of the hard coating layer is greater than the refractive index of the low-refractive layer.

4. The anti-reflective film of claim 2 , wherein the first nanoparticle comprises at least one of a hollow silica, a hollow acrylate polymer, a hollow vinyl polymer, and a hollow epoxy polymer.

5. The anti-reflective film of claim 1 , further comprising a high-refractive layer disposed between the hard coating layer and the low-refractive layer, wherein

the high-refractive layer comprises the curable resin and a second nanoparticle having a size in a range of about 10 nm to about 30 nm.

6. The anti-reflective film of claim 5 , wherein

the high-refractive layer has a refractive index in a range of about 1.6 to about 1.75, and

the refractive index of the high-refractive layer is greater than the refractive index of the hard coating layer and greater than the refractive index of the low-refractive layer.

7. The anti-reflective film of claim 5 , wherein the second nanoparticle comprises at least one of C 60 (fullerene), TiO 2 , ZnO, SiC, GaP, Ag, ZrO 2 , and Au.

8. The anti-reflective film of claim 6 , wherein the low-refractive layer and the hard coating layer have a same refractive index.

9. The anti-reflective film of claim 1 , further comprising a functional layer disposed on the low-refractive layer, the functional layer comprising a fluorine-containing compound.

10. A display device, comprising:

a display panel; and

an anti-reflective film disposed on the display panel, wherein

the anti-reflective film comprises:

a hard coating layer comprising a curable resin; and

a low-refractive layer disposed on the hard coating layer and comprising the curable resin,

a pencil hardness measured on the low-refractive layer is equal to or greater than 3H, and

the curable resin comprises polysilsesquioxane represented by at least one of Formulas 4 to 9:

wherein in Formulas 4 to 9,

Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently O, NR 20 , or [(SiO 3/2 R 21 ) 4+2n O],

at least one of Y 1 and Y 2 is [(SiO 3/2 R 21 ) 4+2n O],

X 1 and X 2 are each independently R 22 or [(SiO 3/2 R 23 ) 4+2n′ O],

at least one of X 1 and X 2 is [(SiO 3/2 R 23 ) 4+2n′ O],

R 20 to R 23 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

n and n′ are each independently an integer from 1 to 20,

R a to R c are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

n1 and n2 are each independently an integer from 1 to 100,000,

n3 is 1 or 2,

n4 is an integer from 1 to 500,

R 1 to R 7 , R 9 , R 10 , R 12 , and R 13 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, an isocyanate group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted epoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group of 1 to 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms,

R 8 and R 11 are each independently a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, an isocyanate group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and

R 1 and R 12 are different from each other.

11. The display device of claim 10 , wherein the low-refractive layer comprises a first nanoparticle having a size in a range of about 40 nm to about 100 nm.

12. The display device of claim 10 , wherein

the anti-reflective film further comprises a high-refractive layer disposed between the hard coating layer and the low-refractive layer, and

the high-refractive layer comprises the curable resin and a second nanoparticle having a size in a range of about 10 nm to 30 about nm.

13. The display device of claim 10 , further comprising a light converting layer disposed between the display panel and the anti-reflective film, the light converting layer comprising at least one light controlling part comprising a quantum dot.

14. The display device of claim 13 , wherein

the display panel comprises a light emitting device generating first light, and

the light converting layer comprises:

a first light controlling part transmitting the first light;

a second light controlling part converting the first light into second light; and

a third light controlling part converting the first light into third light.

15. The display device of claim 14 , further comprising a color filter layer disposed on the light converting layer, wherein

the color filter layer comprises:

a first filter transmitting the first light;

a second filter transmitting the second light; and

a third filter transmitting the third light.

16. The display device of claim 15 , further comprising an organic layer disposed on the color filter layer and providing a planar top surface.

17. The display device of claim 16 , wherein the anti-reflective film is directly applied and formed on the organic layer.

18. A tiling display device comprising:

display modules disposed along a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction, wherein

each of the display modules comprises a display panel and an anti-reflective film disposed on the display panel,

the anti-reflective film comprises:

a hard coating layer comprising a curable resin; and

a low-refractive layer disposed on the hard coating layer and comprising the curable resin,

a pencil hardness measured on the low-refractive layer is equal to or greater than 3H, and

the curable resin comprises polysilsesquioxane represented by at least one of Formulas 4 to 9:

wherein in Formulas 4 to 9,

Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently O, NR 20 , or [(SiO 3/2 R 21 ) 4+2n O],

at least one of Y 1 and Y 2 is [(SiO 3/2 R 21 ) 4+2n O],

X 1 and X 2 are each independently R 22 or [(SiO 3/2 R 23 ) 4+2n′ O],

at least one of X 1 and X 2 is [(SiO 3/2 R 23 ) 4+2n′ O],

R 20 to R 23 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

n and n′ are each independently an integer from 1 to 20,

R a to R c are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,

n1 and n2 are each independently an integer from 1 to 100,000,

n3 is 1 or 2,

n4 is an integer from 1 to 500,

R 1 to R 7 , R 9 , R 10 , R 12 , and R 13 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, an isocyanate group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted epoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted acryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted thio group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group of 1 to 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms,

R 8 and R 11 are each independently a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, an isocyanate group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and

R 1 and R 12 are different from each other.