IP Library Granted Patent US 12,331,435
Granted Patent B2
US 12,331,435 · App. 17/232,095 · Granted Jun 17, 2025

Multi-functional electronic textiles employing silver nanowire composite sensors and related methods

Inventors: Yong Zhu (Apex, NC); Shanshan Yao (Coram, NY)
Assignee: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
D03D1/0088B82Y30/00D01F8/04D06M10/06A41D1/002A61B5/6804D10B2401/16
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,331,435
App. No.
17/232,095
Granted
Jun 17, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Multi-functional electronic textiles employing nanocomposite pattern elements and related methods are provided. An exemplary method for producing a textile product with an integrated electrical device includes applying conductive nanowires to a substrate to form a conductive nanowire network on the substrate and applying a thermoplastic elastomer to the nanowire network to form a nanocomposite layer on top of the substrate. The method also includes cutting the nanocomposite layer into a desired pattern to form an electrical device and transferring the electrical device from the substrate onto a textile fabric.

Claims (11)

1. A textile material product with an integrated electrical device, the textile material product comprising:

a textile material; and

an electrical device comprising a patch laminated to the textile material, wherein the electrical device comprises a network of silver nanowires forming a layer and coated with a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to form a nanocomposite layer, which is cut into a pattern to form an electrical device, wherein the network of silver nanowires extends to an edge of the TPU of the electrical device, and wherein the electrical device is bonded to the textile material to form an electronically integrated textile product, wherein the pattern comprises one of a coil pattern and a fractal pattern.

2. The textile material product of claim 1 wherein the textile material comprises a stretchable fabric.

3. The textile material product of claim 1 wherein the electrical device comprises a sensor device.

4. The textile material product of claim 3 wherein the sensor device comprises at least one of a capacitive strain gauge, an angular velocity sensor, an electrocardiogramansor, or an electromyography sensor.

5. The textile material product of claim 1 wherein the nanocomposite layer is formed via a curing of the thermoplastic elastomer around the nanostructure network.

6. The textile material product of claim 1 wherein the electrical device comprises a resistive heater.

7. The textile material product of claim 1 wherein the electrical device is heat press laminated to the textile material.

8. The textile material product of claim 1 wherein the pattern comprises the coil pattern.

9. The textile material product of claim 1 wherein the pattern comprises the fractal pattern.

Assignments (3)
CONFIRMATORY LICENSE Recorded May 3, 2022
From: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH
To: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
Reel/Frame 059847/0164 →
CONFIRMATORY LICENSE Recorded May 3, 2022
From: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH
To: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
Reel/Frame 059847/0184 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 18, 2021
From: ZHU, YONG; YAO, SHANSHAN
To: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Reel/Frame 055951/0733 →
Continuity (2)
Provisional Application 63011262 · Apr 16, 2020
Related Publication 20210324550A1 · Oct 21, 2021
References Cited (98)
US 20160052131A1 · Lessing · 2016 [cited by examiner]
US 20180020936A1 · Kwon · 2018 [cited by examiner]
US 20220340726A1 · Zhu et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
Ankhili et al., “Washable and Reliable Textile Electrodes Embedded into Underwear Fabric for Electrocardiogramonitoring,” Materials, vol. 11, No. 256, pp. 1-11 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Cao et al., “Screen-Printed Washable Electronic Textiles as Self-Powered Touch/Gesture Tribo-Sensors for Intelligent Human-Machine Interaction,” ACS Nano, vol. 12, pp. 5190-5196 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Cui et al., “Electrohydrodynamic printing of silver nanowires for flexible and stretchable electronics,” Nanoscale, vol. 10, pp. 6806-6811 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Heo et al., “Recent Progress of Textile-Based Wearable Electronics: A Comprehensive Review of Materials, Devices, and Applications,” Small, vol. 14, pp. 1-16 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Huang et al., “Three-dimensional integrated stretchable electronics,” Nature Electronics, vol. 1, pp. 473-480 (Aug. 2018). [cited by applicant]
Huang et al., “Inkjet Printing of Silver Nanowires for Stretchable Heaters,” ACS Appl. Nano Mater, vol. 1, pp. 4528-4536 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Rahimi et al., “Laser-Enabled Processing of Stretchable Electronics on a Hydrolytically Degradable Hydrogel,” Adv. Healthcare Mater, vol. 7, pp. 1-14 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Son et al., “An integrated self-healable electronic skin system fabricated via dynamic reconstruction of a nanostructured conducting network,” Nature Nanotechnology, vol. 13, pp. 1057-1065 (Nov. 2018). [cited by applicant]
Sun et al., “Gas-Permeable Multifunctional on-Skin Electronics Based on Laser-Induced Porous Graphene and Sugar-Templated Elastomer Sponges,” Adv. Mater, vol. 30, pp. 1-8 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Tao et al., “Bluetooth Low Energy-Based Washable Wearable Activity Motion and Electrocardiogram Textronic Monitoring and Communicating System,” Adv. Mater. Technol, vol. 3, pp. 1-6 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Wang et al., “Mechano-Based Transductive Sensing for Wearable Healthcare,” Small, vol. 14, pp. 1-11 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Yao et al., “A Novel Finger Kinematic Tracking Method Based on Skin-Like Wearable Strain Sensors,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 18, No. 7, pp. 3010-3015 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Yu et al., “Highly Stretchable, Weavable, and Washable Piezoresistive Microfiber Sensors,” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 10, pp. 12773-12780 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Wang et al., “A Highly Stretchable Transparent Self-Powered Triboelectric Tactile Sensor with Metallized Nanofibers for Wearable Electronics,” Adv. Mater, vol. 30, pp. 1-8 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Wills et al., “Additive process for patterned metallized conductive tracks on cotton with applications in smart textiles,” The Journal of Textile Institute, vol. 109, No. 2, pp. 1-11 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Yao et al., “Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare,” Adv. Healthcare Mater, vol. 7, pp. 1-27 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Gong et al., “One-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Soft Electronics,” Adv. Electron. Mater, vol. 3, pp. 1-29 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Huang et al., “Gravure Printing of Water-based Silver Nanowire ink on Plastic Substrate for Flexible Electronics,” Scientific Reports, vol. 8, pp. 1-10 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Jin et al., “Enhancing the Performance of Stretchable Conductors for E-Textiles by Controlled Ink Permeation,” Adv. Mater, vol. 29, pp. 1-8 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Kim et al., “Rubbery electronics and sensors from intrinsically stretchable elastomeric composites of semiconductors and conductors,” Sci. Adv. vol. 3, pp. 1-8 (Sep. 8, 2017). [cited by applicant]
Miyamoto et al., “Inflammation-free, gas-permeable, lightweight, stretchable on-skin electronics with nanomeshes,” Nature Nanotechnology, vol. 12, pp. 907-914 (Sep. 2017). [cited by applicant]
Tao et al., “How to Make Reliable, Washable, and Wearable Textronic Devices,” Sensors, vol. 17, No. 673, pp. 1-16 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Yao et al., “A Wearable Hydration Sensor with Conformal Nanowire Electrodes,” Adv. Healthcare Mater, vol. 6, pp. 1-8 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Yao et al., “Soft electrothermal actuators using silver nanowire heaters,” Nanoscale, vol. 9, pp. 1-10 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Amjadi et al., “Stretchable, Skin-Mountable, and Wearable Strain Sensors and Their Potential Applications: A Review,” Adv. Funct. Maater., vol. 26, pp. 1678-1698 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Gao et al., “Fully integrated wearable sensor arrays for multiplexed in situ perspiration analysis,” Nature, vol. 529, pp. 509-526 (Jan. 28, 2016). [cited by applicant]
Han et al., “Mechanically Reinforced Skin-Electronics with Networked Nanocomposite Elastomer,” Adv. Mater, vol. 28, pp. 10257-10265 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Khan et al., “Monitoring of Vital Signs witih Flexible and Wearable Medical Devices,” Adv. Mater., vol. 28, pp. 4373-4395 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Lee et al., “A graphene-based electrochemical device with thermoresponsive microneedles for diabetes monitoring and therapy,” Nature Nanotechnology, vol. 11, pp. 1-9 (Jun. 2016). [cited by applicant]
Liang et al., “A Water-Based Silver-Nanowire Screen-Print Ink for the Fabrication of Stretchable Conductors and Wearable Thin-Film Transistors,” Adv. Mater, vol. 28, pp. 5986-5996 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Nakamoto et al., “Stretchable Strain Sensor with Anistrophy and Application for Joint Angle Measurement,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 16, No. 10, pp. 3572-3579 (May 5, 2016). [cited by applicant]
Suikkola et al., “Screen-Printing Fabrication and Characterization of Stretchable Electronics,” Scientific Reports, vol. 6, pp. 1-8 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Yao et al., “Nanomaterial-Enabled Dry Electrodes for Electrophysiological Sensing: A Review,” JOM, vol. 68, No. 4, pp. 1145-1155 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Yokus et al., “Printed Stretchable Interconnects for Smart Garments: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 16, No. 22, pp. 7967-7976 (Nov. 15, 2016). [cited by applicant]
Zhao et al., “Machine-Washable Textile Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Effective Human Respiratory Monitoring through Loom Weaving of Metallic Yarns,” Adv. Mater, vol. 28, pp. 10267-10274 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Cui et al., “Design and operation of silver nanowire based flexible and stretchable touch sensors,” J. Mater. Res, vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 79-85 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Hsu et al., “Personal Thermal Management by Metallic Nanowire-Coated Textile,” Nano Lett., vol. 15, pp. 365-371 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Lim et al., “Transparent and Stretchable Interactive Human Machine Interface Based on Patterned Graphene Heterostructures,” Adv. Funct. Mater., vol. 25, pp. 375-383 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Malanga et al., “Mechanisms and efficacy of heat and cold therapies for musculoskeletal injury,” Postgraduate Medicine, vol. 127, No. 1, pp. 1-10 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Matsuhisa et al., “Printable elastic conductors with a high conductivity for electronic textile applications,” Nature Communications, vol. 6, No. 7461, pp. 1-11 (Jun. 25, 2015). [cited by applicant]
Yao et al., “Nanomaterial-Enabled Stretchable Conductors: Strategies, Materials and Devices,” Adv. Mater, vol. 27, pp. 1480-1511 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Castano et al., “Smart fabric sensors and e-textile technologies: a review,” Smart Mater. Struct, vol. 23, pp. 1-28 (2014). [cited by applicant]
Fan et al., “Fractal design concepts for stretchable electronics,” Nature Communications, vol. 5, pp. 1-8 (2014). [cited by applicant]
Dehghan et al., “The Efficacy of Thermotherapy and Cryotherapy on Pain Relief in Patients with Acute Low Back Pain, A Clinical Trial Study,” Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, vol. 8, No. 9, pp. 1-4 (Sep. 2014… [cited by applicant]
Jang et al., “Rugged and breathable forms of stretchable electronics with adherent composite substrates for transcutaneous monitoring,” Nature Communications, vol. 5, pp. 1-10 (Sep. 3, 2014). [cited by applicant]
Langley et al., “Metallic nanowire networks: effects of thermal annealing on electric resistance,” Nanoscale, vol. 6, pp. 1-9 (2014). [cited by applicant]
Lee et al., “Direct Alignment and Patterning of Silver Nanowires by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing,” Small, vol. 10, No. 19, pp. 3918-3922 (2014). [cited by applicant]
Song et al., “Stretchable and Reversibly Deformable Radio Frequency Antennas Based on Silver Nanowires,” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, vol. 6, pp. 4248-4253 (2014). [cited by applicant]
Yao et al., “Wearable multifunctional sensors using printed stretchable conductors made of silver nanowires,” Nanoscale, vol. 6, pp. 1-8 (2014). [cited by applicant]
Zeng et al., “Fiber-Based Wearable Electronics: A Review of Materials, Fabrication, Devices, and Applications,” Adv. Mater, vol. 26, pp. 1-27 (2014). [cited by applicant]
Vervust et al., “Integration of stretchable and washable electronic modules for smart textile applications,” The Journal of Textile Institute, vol. 103, No. 10, pp. 1-13 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Xu et al., “Highly Conductive and Stretchable Silver Nanowire Conductors,” Adv. Mater., vol. 24, pp. 5117-5122 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Kim et al., “Epidermal Electronics,” Science, vol. 333, No. 6044, pp. 1-7 (Aug. 12, 2011). [cited by applicant]
Tokuno et al., “Fabrication of Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrodes at Room Temperature,” Nano Res., vol. 4, No. 12, pp. 1215-1222 (2011). [cited by applicant]
Rogers et al., “Materials and Mechanics for Stretchable Electronics,” Science, vol. 327, pp. 1-6 (Mar. 26, 2010). [cited by applicant]
Okada et al., “The influence of hot pack therapy on the blood flow in masseter muscles,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, vol. 32, pp. 480-486 (2005). [cited by applicant]
Chen, et al. “Electronic Muscles and Skins: A Review of Soft Sensors and Actuartors”, Chem. Rev., vol. 117, pp. 11239-11268 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Liu, et al., “Nature-Inspired Structural Materials for Flexible Electronic Devices”, Chem. Rev., vol. 117, pp. 12893-12941 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Yao, et al., “Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare”, Adv. Healthcare Mater., 7, 1700889 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Kim, et al., “Flexible and Stretchable Electronics for Biointegrated Devices” Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., vol. 14, pp. 113-128 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Yao, et al., “Nanomaterial-Enabled Flexible and Stretchable Sensing Systems: Processing, Integration, and Applications”, Adv. Mater., e1902343 (2019). [cited by applicant]
Kim, et al., “Epidermal Electronics”, Science, vol. 333, pp. 838-843 (2011). [cited by applicant]
Trung, et al., “Flexible and Stretchable Physical Sensor Integrated Platforms for Wearable Human-Activity Monitoring and Personal Healthcare”, Adv. Mater., vol. 28, pp. 4338-4372 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Kaltenbrunner, et al., “An Ultra-Lightweight Design for Imperceptible Plastic Electronics”, Nature, vol. 499, pp. 458-463 (2013). [cited by applicant]
Lipomi, et al., “Skin-Like Pressure and Strain Sensors Based on Transparent Elastic Films of Carbon Nanotubes”, Nat. Nanotechnol, vol. 6, pp. 788-792 (2011). [cited by applicant]
Yeo, et al., “Multifunctional Epidermal Electronics Printed Directly Onto the Skin”, Adv. Mater., vol. 25, pp. 2773-2778 (2013). [cited by applicant]
Gong, et al., “Multiscale Soft-Hard Interface Design for Flexible Hybrid Electronics”, Adv. Mater., 1902278 (2019). [cited by applicant]
Kim, et al., “Hygroscopic Auxetic On-Skin Sensors for Easy-to-Handle Repeated Daily Use”, ACS Appl. Mater Interfaces, vol. 10, pp. 40141-40148 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Yang, et al., ““Cut-and-Paste” Manufacture of Multiparametric Epidermal Sensor Systems”, Adv. Mater., vol. 27, pp. 6423-6430 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Kim, et al., “Highly Conformable, Transparent Electrodes for Epidermal Electronics”, Nano Lett., vol. 18, pp. 4531-4540 (2018). [cited by applicant]
You, et al., “Stretchable E-Skin Apexcardiogram Sensor”, Adv. Mater., vol. 28, pp. 6359-6364 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Gong, et al., “Local Crack-Programmed Gold Nanowire Electronic Skin Tattoos for In-Plane Multisensor integration”, Adv. Mater., vol. 31, e1903789 (2019). [cited by applicant]
Miyamoto, et al., “Inflammation-Free, Gas-Permeable, Lightweight, Stretchable On-Skin Electronics with Nanomeshes”, Nat. Nanotechnol., vol. 12, pp. 907-913 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Sun, et al., “Gas-Permeable, Multifunctional On-Skin Electronics Based on Laser-Induced Porous Graphene and Sugar-Templated Elastomer Sponges”, Adv. Mater., vol. 30, e1804327 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Fan, et al., “Highly Robust, Transparent, and Breathable Epidermal Electrode” ACS Nano, 12, pp. 9326-9332 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Cai, et al., “Warming Up Human Body by Nanoporous Metallized Polyethylene Textile”, Nat. Commun., 8, 496 (2017). [cited by applicant]
Bai, et al., “Breath Figure Arrays: Unconventional Fabrications, Functionalizations, and Applications”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 52, pp. 12240-12255 (2013). [cited by applicant]
Zhang, et al., “Breath Figure: A Nature-Inspired Preparation Method for Ordered Porous Films”, Chem. Rev., 115, pp. 9801-9868 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Ponnusamy, et al., “In Vitro Degradation and Release Characteristics of Spin Coated Thin Films of PLGA with A “Breath Figure” Morphology”, Biomatter, 2, pp. 77-86 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Yao, et al., “Multifunctional Electronic Textiles Using Silver Nanowire Composites”, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 11, pp. 31028-31037 (2019). [cited by applicant]
Cui, et al., “Tailoring the Temperature Coefficient of Resistance of Silver Nanowire Nanocomposites and Their Application as Stretchable Temperature Sensors”, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 11, pp. 17836-17842 (2019). [cited by applicant]
Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials. ASTM International: West Conshohocken, PA, pp. 1-12 (2016). [cited by applicant]
Xu, et al., “Wavy Ribbons of Carbon Nanotubes for Stretchable Conductors”, Adv. Funct. Mater., 22, pp. 1279-1283 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Zhu, et al., “Buckling of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes as Stretchable Conductors: A New Manufacturing Strategy”, Adv. Mater., 24, pp. 1073-1077 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Xu, et al., “Highly Conductive and Stretchable Silver Nanowire Conductors”, Adv. Mater., 24, pp. 5117-5122 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Yao, et al., “Nanomaterial-Enabled Stretchable Conductors: Strategies, Materials and Devices”, Adv. Mater., 27, pp. 1480-1511 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Jin, et al., “Microstructural Origin of Resistance-Strain Hysteresis in Carbon Nanotube Thin Film Conductors”, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 115, pp. 1986-1991 (2018). [cited by applicant]
Myers, et al., “Wearable Silver Nanowire Dry Electrodes for Electrophysiological Sensing”, RSC Adv., 5, pp. 11627-11632 (2015). [cited by applicant]
Barrett, et al., “Projected-Capacitive Touch Technology”, Inf. Disp., 26, pp. 16-21 (2010). [cited by applicant]
Nelson, C. Hello Capacitive Touch. https://learn.adafruit.com/circuit-playground-fruit-drums/hello-capacitive-touch (accessed Dec. 12, 2019). [cited by applicant]
Touch Sensor Application Note. https://github.com/espressif/esp-iot-solution/blob/master/documents/touch_pad_solution/touch_sensor_design_en.md (accessed Mar. 2020). [cited by applicant]
Sun, et al., “Large-Scale Synthesis of Uniform Silver Nanowires Through a Soft, Self-Seeding, Polyol Process”, Adv. Mater., 14, pp. 833-837 (2002). [cited by applicant]
Zhu, et al. “Size Effects on Elasticity, Yielding, and Fracture of Silver Nanowires:In Situ Experiments”, Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter, 85, 045443 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Wan, et al., “Pore Shape of Honeycomb-Patterned Films: Modulation and Interfacial Behavior”, J. Phys. Chem. B, 116, pp. 40-47 (2012). [cited by applicant]
Restriction Requirement for U.S. Appl. No. 17/728,182 (Apr. 25, 2025). [cited by applicant]