Direct action restraining tag

1. A direct action restraining tag apparatus for interfering with normal operation of a target vehicle, comprising:

a housing having an internal compartment;

a pulse mechanism disposed within the internal compartment, the pulse mechanism including a transmitter configured to generate a radio frequency pulse having a magnitude sufficient to interfere with normal operation of an electronic control module of the target vehicle;

an adhesion unit disposed at a second end of the housing opposite a first end of the housing, wherein the adhesion unit comprises a compressible impact pad affixed to the housing on a first side of the impact pad, the impact pad supporting an adhesive on a second side of the impact pad opposite the first side.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a propulsion unit disposed at the first end of the housing.

3. The apparatus of either claim 2 , wherein the propulsion unit comprises a surface engageable by a corresponding movable surface of a launcher to propel the apparatus from the launcher toward the target vehicle.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the propulsion unit comprises a fuel and an ignition source that is activatable by a launcher to ignite the fuel and propel the apparatus from the launcher.

5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the propulsion unit is removably attachable to the housing and configured for a single deployment before replacement with a second propulsion unit for reuse of the pulse mechanism.

6. The apparatus of any one of claim 2 , wherein the propulsion unit comprises a spring mechanism capable of converting stored energy into kinetic energy sufficient to propel the apparatus from a launcher when the spring mechanism is activated by the launcher.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

an antenna, wherein the antenna is operable to receive an activation signal from a wireless transmitter; and

wherein the activation signal is operable to activate the pulse mechanism.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the housing has a diameter greater than about 35 mm and less than about 40 mm.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus has an overall length of at least about 4 inches and no more than about 18 inches.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pulse mechanism is configured to remain inactive upon launch and adhesion to the target vehicle until activated by a law enforcement officer.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pulse mechanism is configured to automatically activate upon or prior to deployment from a launcher.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pulse mechanism is configured to be initiated by a launcher on a delay, wherein the delay provides time for the housing to travel out of range of a pursuit vehicle and into range of the target vehicle to ensure the pulse only interferes with the target vehicle.

13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pulse mechanism is configured to receive additional activation signals to further attempt interference with the target vehicle.

14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pulse mechanism is configured to output an electromagnetic pulse of about 25 kv/m to about 50 kv/m to affect microprocessors and controllers associated with electrical systems of the target vehicle.

15. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pulse mechanism is configured to output a microwave energy pulse in the L Band (1 to 2 GHz) and/or S Band (2 to 4 GHz) to disrupt electronics of the target vehicle.