Panel and slab designed for forming a floor or a wall and methods for manufacturing such panels and slabs
A panel designed for forming a floor or a wall, including several beams, each beam including an armature fixed to a base, each base being made from a settable fixing material, the panel including a support having several formwork parts arranged salient from a surface receiving the support, the formwork parts forming housings to respectively receive the beams and having a bottom that is formed by the surface receiving the support, each beam being located in a respective housing where the base of the beam is fixed to the bottom of the housing, the support being formed by a single piece.
1. Slab for forming a floor, the slab including a panel and a concrete coating covering the panel, wherein the panel comprises:
a support made from concrete in which wooden parts of different sizes are sunk, the support defining microcavities, the support being formed by a single piece and defining an alternation of formworks and housings, the formworks being salient from a receiving surface, the receiving surface corresponding to a bottom of the housings;
bases made of concrete and directly fixed to the support, the bases being located in the housings and the concrete filling microcavities; and
armatures made of metal, the armatures being located in the housings, the bases securing the armatures to the receiving surface of the support, the armatures and the bases forming beams reinforcing the support, the armatures protruding from a top part of the formworks, the bases separating the receiving surface and the armatures;
wherein the concrete coating covers and continuously connects the several formwork parts and the housings of the panel.
2. Slab according to claim 1 , wherein the support comprises an organic element of vegetal origin selected from the group consisting of straw, cellulose, hemp, and cork.
3. Slab according to claim 1 , wherein each beam is configured so that the armature of each base is isolated from the support made from concrete and wooden elements and each armature is not in direct contact with the support.
4. Slab according to claim 1 , wherein the concrete coating penetrates into the armatures made of metal and contacts the bases.
5. Slab according to claim 1 , wherein the concrete coating forms a flat face over the armatures made of metal and the support.
6. Slab according to claim 1 , wherein a settable fixing material of each beam is a concrete, wherein a proportion of the concrete being identical to a proportion of a concrete covering the several formwork parts and the housings.
7. Method for manufacturing a slab according to claim 1 , comprising:
providing the support as a single-piece support made from a settable support material in which the wooden parts are sunk, the single-piece support defining microcavities, the single-piece support having the several formworks situated salient from a surface receiving of the single-piece support, the several formwork parts defining the housings;
placing one of the armatures made of metal in each housing; and
casting a concrete layer in each housing so as to form the bases fixed to a bottom of the housing to fix the armatures to the single-piece support, the concrete layer filling microcavities, and
casting the concrete coating covering the several formwork parts and the housings of the single-piece support, the concrete coating continuously connecting the armatures and the bases.