Fire protection article and related methods
A fire protection article is provided that includes a fire barrier comprising a plurality of non-combustible fibers, and a passive thermal insulator coupled to the fire barrier and comprising a plurality of non-meltable fibers. Optionally, the fire protection article displays a time to break in the 1100° C. Break Strength Test of at least 10 seconds or a minimum tensile strength at 150° C. of at least 5 kPa. Optionally, the fire barrier comprises substantially continuous fibers that are mutually entangled. The fire barrier and passive thermal insulator can be mutually secured using a suitable polymeric binder, such a thermoplastic fluoropolymer binder. The combination of a relatively thin fire barrier with a comparatively thicker passive thermal insulator can provide thermal runaway protection in lithium-ion battery applications, structural integrity and a high degree of thermal insulation in the event of fire exposure.
1 . A battery compartment for an electric vehicle comprising:
at least one compartment wall having an inner and outer major surface, the inner major surface defining at least part of an enclosure and a fire protection article, the fire protection article comprising a fire barrier and a passive thermal insulator;
the fire barrier disposed on the inner major surface, the fire barrier comprising a plurality of non-combustible fibers; and
the passive thermal insulator disposed on the outer major surface, the passive thermal insulator comprising a plurality of non-meltable fibers having a crimped configuration,
wherein the passive thermal insulator comprises a non-woven fibrous web of the non-meltable fibers having a crimped configuration, wherein the non-meltable fibers comprise oxidized polyacrylonitrile, wherein the non-woven fibrous web includes a multiplicity of fiber entanglements in which the fibers are entangled along directions perpendicular to a major surface of the non-woven fibrous web and has an average bulk density in the range from 15 kg/m 3 to 40 kg/m 3 , and
wherein the fire protection article displays a time to break in the 1100° C. Break Strength Test of at least 10 seconds and/or displays a minimum tensile strength at 150° C. of at least 5 kPa.
2 . The battery compartment of claim 1 , wherein the non-meltable fibers of the passive thermal insulator are staple fibers.
3 . The battery compartment of claim 2 , wherein the fire barrier comprises substantially continuous fibers that are mutually entangled perpendicular to a major surface of the fire barrier.
4 . The battery compartment of claim 3 , wherein the substantially continuous fibers of the fire barrier are needle tacked.
5 . The battery compartment of claim 2 , wherein the non-combustible fibers of the fire barrier have a melting temperature in the range from 700° C. to 2000° C.
6 . The battery compartment of claim 2 , wherein the combustible fibers of the fire barrier comprise alumina silicate.