System with markers for placing a retaining pile with asymmetrical reinforcement and method for using same

1. System with markers for placing a retaining pile with asymmetrical reinforcement, the asymmetrical reinforcement comprises: a plurality of longitudinal bars arranged parallel to each other, the ends of which are arranged forming a circumference, and a transverse reinforcement in the form of circular frames or at least one helix, externally surrounding the longitudinal bars, at least two longitudinal bars have different diameters and/or between several consecutive longitudinal bars there are at least two different distances, at least one separator is arranged on the transverse reinforcement, the asymmetrical reinforcement being configured to be inserted into a guide wall or sleeve to form the retaining pile, and separated from said guide wall or sleeve by the at least one separator, the system including:

at least one marker-separator attached to the transverse reinforcement,

at least one marker being disposed on the guide wall or sleeve,

wherein the at least one marker-separator is aligned with the at least one marker or the at least one marker-separator and the at least one marker are separated by a lateral distance, D, equal to or less than a predetermined safety distance value, Dmax, when the asymmetrical reinforcement is arranged inside the guide wall or sleeve.

2. System according to claim 1 wherein the predetermined safety distance value, Dmax, is determined by the following expressions:

M (θ)= M design  (equation 1)

D max= R*θ   (equation 2)

where:

M(θ) is the resistant moment based on the rotation of a cross section of the retaining pile with respect to its position of maximum resistance;

Mdesign is the moment required of the cross section of the retaining pile;

Dmax is the predetermined safety distance value;

R is the distance from the centre of the retaining pile to the at least one marker positioned on the guide wall or sleeve.

3. System according to claim 1 that further comprises a stop arranged on the transverse reinforcement and after the at least one marker-separator, so that said at least one marker-separator is retained on one of its sides by a longitudinal bar of said plurality of longitudinal bars and on the other side of said at least one marker-separator by the stop.

4. System according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one marker-separator further comprises a plurality of marker-separators arranged in a row extending longitudinally along the transverse reinforcement.

5. System according to claim 4 , which further comprises a label with the predetermined safety distance value and attached to the asymmetrical reinforcement and/or to the guide wall or sleeve.

6. System according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one marker-separator is a wheel-type linear separator.

7. System according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one marker is a mark of paint, notch or plate on the guide wall or sleeve.

8. Method of using a system with markers for placing a retaining pile with asymmetrical reinforcement, the asymmetrical reinforcement including a plurality of longitudinal bars arranged parallel to each other, the ends of which are arranged forming a circumference, and a transverse reinforcement in the form of circular frames or at least one helix, externally surrounding the longitudinal bars, at least two longitudinal bars have different diameters and/or between several consecutive longitudinal bars there are at least two different distances, at least one separator is arranged on the transverse reinforcement, the asymmetrical reinforcement being configured to be inserted into a guide wall or sleeve to form the retaining pile, and separated from said guide wall or sleeve by the at least one separator; the method further comprises the following steps:

a) attaching at least one marker-separator to the transverse reinforcement of the asymmetrical reinforcement of the retaining pile,

b) positioning a marker on said guide wall or sleeve, which indicates a position of the asymmetrical reinforcement on the retaining pile to be formed;

c) alignment of the least one marker-separator with the marker or positioning at a distance, D, equal to or less than a predetermined safety distance value, Dmax, when the asymmetrical reinforcement is placed inside the guide wall or sleeve.

9. Method according to claim 8 , wherein the predetermined safety distance value, Dmax is determined by the following expressions:

M (θ)= M design  (equation 1)

D max= R*θ   (equation 2)

where:

M(θ) is the resistant moment based on the rotation of the cross section of the retaining pile with respect to its position of maximum resistance;

Mdesign is the moment required of the cross section of the retaining pile;

Dmax is the predetermined safety distance value;

R is the distance from the centre of the retaining pile to the marker positioned on the guide wall or sleeve.

10. Method according to claim 8 , wherein a stop is arranged on the transverse reinforcement and after the at least one marker-separator, so that said at least one marker-separator is retained on one of its sides by a longitudinal bar of said plurality of longitudinal bars and on the other side of said at least one marker-separator by the stop.