Method for producing a sheet from a melt by imposing a periodic change in the rate of pull
A method of forming crystalline sheets using a Horizontal Ribbon Growth process, where the sheet of material formed in the process is withdrawn from a crucible in a specified manner to reduce instabilities in the process and to regulate crystal growth dynamics.
1. A method for growing a sheet of material comprising:
melting the material in a crucible to form a melt;
cooling a top surface of the melt using a cooling device to form a solid sheet on the top surface of the melt; and
withdrawing the sheet from the crucible in a first direction, wherein a rate of the withdrawal is changed periodically in a sinusoidal manner relative to a constant velocity.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein withdrawing the sheet comprises introducing a successive back and forth motion by periodically reversing a direction of the withdrawal relative to the first direction.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising translating the sheet side-to-side relative to the first direction.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crucible is translated back and forth.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
rotating the crucible, wherein the crucible is circular.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material is selected from the group consisting of silicon and germanium.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material is selected from the group consisting of gallium-arsenide, silicon-carbides, oxides of aluminum, and gallium oxides.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sheet defines an angle of 2 degrees or more with respect to the top surface of the melt.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein a mechanism for oscillation of the sheet depends on the angle of the sheet with the melt.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooling device comprises jets of an inert gas.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the rate of the withdrawal of the sheet depends on the flow of inert gas from the jets.
12. The method of claim 1 where the atmosphere above the melt contains nitrogen.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the inert gas comprises He or Ar.
14. A method for growing a sheet of material comprising:
melting the material in a crucible to form a melt;
cooling a top surface of the melt using a cooling device to form a solid sheet on the top surface of the melt, wherein a solidification front forms at a boundary between the solid sheet and the melt; and
withdrawing the sheet from the crucible in a first direction, wherein oscillations are introduced to create a relative movement of the solidification front.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the oscillations are sinusoidal.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the oscillations are side-to-side relative to the first direction.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein a change in the rate of withdrawal comprises a composition of sines.