Hydropersulfide precursors
A hydropersulfide precursor compound having the formula (I): formula (I) as defined in the specification. A process for preparing the hydropersulfide precursor, and a method of using the precursor to generate hydropersulfide are also described.
1. A hydropersulfide precursor compound having the formula (I):
wherein R 1 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more of a carboxylic acid, C(O)OR a , NHC(O)R b , NHC(O)(CH 2 ) 2 CH(NHC(O)R c )(COOR d ), NHC(O)(CH 2 ) 2 CH(NH 2 )(COOR d ), C(O)NHCH 2 COOR e , and a phenyl group optionally substituted with a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or trifluoromethyl moiety;
R 2 is a phenyl group that is optionally substituted with a halogen, methyl, methoxy, or trifluoromethyl moiety;
X is a halogen; and wherein
R a is a C 1 -C 20 alkyl moiety or a peptide chain comprising of 1-5 amino acids;
R b is a C 1 -C 20 alkyl moiety;
R c is a C 1 -C 20 alkyl moiety;
R d is H, a C 1 -C 20 alkyl moiety, or a peptide chain comprising of 1-5 amino acids; and
R e is H or a C 1 -C 20 alkyl moiety.
2. The hydropersulfide precursor compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of
wherein the phenyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted with a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or trifluoromethyl moiety.
3. The hydropersulfide precursor compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is a group having the formula (II):
wherein R 3 is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl,
4. The hydropersulfide precursor compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is
5. The hydropersulfide precursor compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is
6. A process for preparing a hydropersulfide precursor compound of claim 1 comprising coupling an alkyl thiol compound having formula (III):
R 1 —SH (III)
with an N-substituted thiourea compound having formula (IV):
under acidic conditions in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to form the hydropersulfide precursor compound having formula (I).
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of
wherein the phenyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted with a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or trifluoromethyl moiety.
8. The process of claim 6 , wherein R 1 is a group having the formula (II):
wherein R 3 is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl,
9. The process of claim 6 , wherein R 1 is
10. The process of claim 6 , wherein an amount of hydrogen peroxide is present that is about equimolar with the concentration of the alkyl thiol.
11. The process of claim 6 , wherein the coupling is carried out at a temperature of about 0° C.
12. A method of generating a hydropersulfide, comprising contacting a hydropersulfide precursor compound of claim 1 with an aqueous solution.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of
wherein the phenyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted with a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or trifluoromethyl moiety.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein R 1 is a group having the formula (II):
wherein R 3 is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl,
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein R 1 is
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the hydropersulfide is generated in vivo.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the hydropersulfide is generated in a therapeutically effective amount in a subject in need of smooth muscle relaxation, inhibition of inflammation, or cardioprotection.