Cyclobutane-containing thermally cleavable polymers
A polymer is made by polymerization of CBDA-4 monomers with a glycerol linker through a condensation reaction. The resulting polymer is thermally cleavable having a plurality of CBDA-4 monomers linked with the glycerol linkers, making it recyclable when heated and degraded. The resulting intermediate material can be hydrolyzed back to initial starting material for synthesizing CBDA-4 monomers.
1. A method of making a polymer comprising:
a polymerizing cyclobutane diacid (CBDA) monomers with a linker through a condensation reaction, wherein the CBDA monomer is rel-(1R,2S,3R,4S)-3,4-diphenylcyclobutane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid (CBDA-4) and the linker is glycerol; and
b. forming a thermally cleavable polymer having a plurality of the CBDA-4 monomers linked with the glycerol linker.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising preparing CBDA-4 monomers from trans-cinnamic acid before step a.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein preparing CBDA-4 monomers comprises:
a. melting trans-cinnamic acid;
b. dissolving trans-cinnamic acid in an organic solvent to create a trans-cinnamic acid solution;
c. creating a slurry from the trans-cinnamic acid solution; and
d. photodimerizing the slurry to create CBDA-4 monomers.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein creating a slurry comprises adding the trans-cinnamic acid solution to a poor solvent below 15 degrees Celsius.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the poor solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, and ethanol.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein polymerizing CBDA-4 monomers
a. mixing CBDA-4 into an organic solvent to create a CBDA-4 solution;
b. mixing the glycerol linker into an organic solvent to create the glycerol linker solution;
c. combining the CBDA-4 solution with the glycerol linker solution to create a mixed solution;
d. adding a condensation catalyst to the mixed solution from step c to promote polymerization; and
e. precipitating a polymer.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein polymerization is carried out under solvent-free conditions.
8. A thermally cleavable polymer obtained by method of claim 1 .
9. A method of degrading a polymer, comprising:
heating the polymer of claim 8 to invoke degradation of cyclobutane rings and produce an intermediate compound; and
hydrolyzing the intermediate compound to produce trans-cinnamic acid.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein heating the polymer is done between 120 and 500 degrees Celsius.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein hydrolyzing the intermediate compound comprises mixing the intermediate with a catalyst.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the catalyst is an acid or base selected from the group consisting of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrochloride, and sulfuric acid.