BAHD acyltransferases
The invention is directed to BAHD acyltransferase enzymes, nucleic acids encoding BAHD acyltransferase enzymes, and inhibitory nucleic acids adapted to inhibit the expression and/or translation of BAHD acyltransferase RNA; expression cassettes, plant cells, and plants that have or encode such nucleic acids and enzymes; and methods of making and using such nucleic acids, enzymes, expression cassettes, cells, and plants.
1. A recombinant nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid segment that encodes:
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:12 that exhibits pBMT activity;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof; or
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:18 that exhibits FMT activity,
wherein the nucleic acid segment is operably linked to a heterologous promoter, wherein the promoter is a promoter functional or active during plant development or growth.
2. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the promoter is a promoter functional or active in woody tissues of a plant.
3. A recombinant plant cell comprising a recombinant nucleic acid, wherein:
the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a nucleic acid segment that encodes;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:12 that exhibits pBMT activity;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof; or
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:18 that exhibits FMT activity;
the nucleic acid segment is operably linked to a heterologous promoter functional or active during plant development or growth; and
the plant cell comprises a genome stably transformed with the recombinant nucleic acid.
4. A plant comprising a recombinant nucleic acid, wherein the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a nucleic acid segment that encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:12, SEQ ID NO:14, SEQ ID NO:16, or SEQ ID NO:18, wherein the nucleic acid segment is operably linked to a heterologous promoter functional or active during plant development or growth, and wherein the plant comprises lignin having a modified content of monolignol ester conjugates compared to a control plant of the same species lacking the recombinant nucleic acid.
5. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the genome of the plant is stably transformed with the recombinant nucleic acid.
6. A plant seed comprising a recombinant nucleic acid, wherein:
the recombinant nucleic acid comprises a nucleic acid segment that encodes:
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:12 that exhibits pBMT activity;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof; or
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:18 that exhibits FMT activity; and
the nucleic acid segment is operably linked to a heterologous promoter functional or active during plant development or growth.
7. The plant of claim 4 , wherein:
the nucleic acid segment encodes:
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:12 that exhibits pBMT activity;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof;
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof; or
a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:18 that exhibits FMT activity; and
the plant comprises a genome stably transformed with the recombinant nucleic acid.
8. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity, or any combination thereof.
9. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, and benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity.
10. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
11. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, and BMT activity.
12. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
13. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, and BMT activity.
14. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
15. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, and BMT activity.
16. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:12 that exhibits pBMT activity.
17. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof.
18. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity and PMT activity.
19. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof.
20. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity and PMT activity.
21. The recombinant nucleic acid of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:18 that exhibits FMT activity.
22. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity, or any combination thereof.
23. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, and benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity.
24. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
25. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, and BMT activity.
26. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
27. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, and BMT activity.
28. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
29. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, and BMT activity.
30. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:12 that exhibits pBMT activity.
31. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof.
32. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity and PMT activity.
33. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof.
34. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity and PMT activity.
35. The recombinant plant cell of claim 3 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:18 that exhibits FMT activity.
36. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity, or any combination thereof.
37. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, and benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity.
38. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
39. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, and BMT activity.
40. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
41. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, and BMT activity.
42. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
43. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, and BMT activity.
44. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:12 that exhibits pBMT activity.
45. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof.
46. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity and PMT activity.
47. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof.
48. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity and PMT activity.
49. The plant of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:18 that exhibits FMT activity.
50. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity, or any combination thereof.
51. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2 that exhibits p-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (pBMT) activity, feruloyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (FMT) activity, p-coumaroyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (PMT) activity, acetyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (AMT) activity, and benzoyl-CoA:monolignol transferase (BMT) activity.
52. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
53. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, and BMT activity.
54. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
55. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6 that exhibits pBMT activity, AMT activity, and BMT activity.
56. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, BMT activity, or any combination thereof.
57. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:8 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, and BMT activity.
58. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:12 that exhibits pBMT activity.
59. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof.
60. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:14 that exhibits FMT activity and PMT activity.
61. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity, PMT activity, or any combination thereof.
62. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 99% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:16 that exhibits FMT activity and PMT activity.
63. The plant seed of claim 6 , wherein the nucleic acid segment encodes a BAHD acyltransferase polypeptide with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:18 that exhibits FMT activity.