3-stage active neutral point clamped (ANPC) hybrid converter
An active neutral point clamped topology based converter includes a plurality of input terminals, an output terminal, a choke, a plurality of switching devices and a control unit. The control unit generates control signals for the switching devices of the converter in such that an SiC switch can be used with low reverse voltage.
1. A converter, comprising:
a first input terminal to which a positive DC link potential is to be applied during operation of the converter;
a second input terminal to which a neutral potential is to be applied during operation of the converter;
a third input terminal to which a negative DC link potential is to be applied during operation of the converter;
an output terminal from which an output potential is to be output during operation of the converter;
a first switching device, a second switching device, a third switching device and a fourth switching device, said first switching device, said second switching device, said third switching device and said fourth switching device being inserted in series between said first input terminal and said third input terminal, and a connection node of said second switching device and of said third switching device being electrically connected to said second input terminal;
a fifth switching device and a sixth switching device, said fifth switching device and said sixth switching device being inserted in series between a connection node of said first switching device and said second switching device and a connection node of said third switching device and said fourth switching device;
a choke inserted between a connection node of said fifth switching device and said sixth switching device and said output terminal; and
a control unit configured to activate said switching devices:
before switching on said fourth switching device, causing said fifth switching device to be supplied in a switched-off state with a voltage having a magnitude not exceeding half of a potential difference between the positive DC link potential and the negative DC link potential, and causing a potential at said connection node of said third switching device and said fourth switching device during a first predefined time interval to correspond to the neutral potential, and
before switching on said first switching device, causing said sixth switching device to be supplied in a switched-off state with the voltage having a magnitude not exceeding half of the potential difference between the positive DC link potential and the negative DC link potential, and causing a potential at said connection node of said second switching device and said first switching device during a predefined second time interval to correspond to the neutral potential.
2. The converter according to claim 1 , wherein:
said control unit is configured to generate a control signal for said first switching device, a control signal for said second switching device, a control signal for said third switching device, a control signal for said fourth switching device, a control signal for said fifth switching device and a control signal for said sixth switching device;
said control unit includes a signal processor and a logic unit;
said signal processor is configured to generate the control signal for said fifth switching device and the control signal for said sixth switching device, and to generate a first basic control signal and a second basic control signal; and
said logic unit is configured to generate the control signal for said first switching device and the control signal for said third switching device from the basic control signal and to generate the control signal for said second switching device and the control signal for said fourth switching device from the second basic control signal.
3. The converter according to claim 2 , wherein said logic unit is configured:
to generate a synchronous falling edge of the control signal for said first switching device and to generate a time-delayed falling edge of the control signal for said third switching device upon a falling edge of the first basic control signal,
to generate a time-delayed rising edge of the control signal for said first switching device and to generate a rising edge of the control signal for said third switching device synchronously upon a rising edge of the first basic control signal,
to generate a synchronous falling edge of the control signal for said fourth switching device and to generate a time-delayed falling edge of the control signal for said second switching device upon a falling edge of the second basic control signal, and
to generate a time-delayed rising edge of the control signal for said fourth switching device and to generate a rising edge of the control signal for said second switching device synchronously upon a rising edge of the second basic control signal.
4. The converter according to claim 1 , which further comprises free-wheeling diodes each connected in parallel with a respective one of said switching devices.
5. The converter according to claim 1 , wherein:
each of said first switching device, said second switching device, said third switching device, and said fourth switching device is a respective IGBT; and
each of said fifth switching device and said sixth switching device is a respective SiC switching device.
6. A converter, comprising:
a first input terminal to which a positive DC link potential is to be applied during operation of the converter;
a second input terminal to which a neutral potential is to be applied during operation of the converter;
a third input terminal to which a negative DC link potential is to be applied during operation of the converter;
an output terminal from which an output potential is to be output during operation of the converter;
a first switching device, a second switching device, a third switching device and a fourth switching device, said first switching device, said second switching device, said third switching device and said fourth switching device being inserted in series between said first input terminal and said third input terminal, and a connection node of said second switching device and of said third switching device being electrically connected to said second input terminal;
a fifth switching device and a sixth switching device, said fifth switching device and said sixth switching device being inserted in series between a connection node of said first switching device and said second switching device and a connection node of said third switching device and said fourth switching device;
a choke inserted between a connection node of said fifth switching device and said sixth switching device and said output terminal; and
a control unit configured to activate said switching devices at least one of:
before switching on said fourth switching device, causing said fifth switching device to be supplied in a switched-off state with a voltage having a magnitude not exceeding half of a potential difference between the positive DC link potential and the negative DC link potential, or
before switching on said first switching device, causing said sixth switching device to be supplied in a switched-off state with the voltage having a magnitude not exceeding half of the potential difference between the positive DC link potential and the negative DC link potential;
said control unit is configured to generate a control signal for said first switching device, a control signal for said second switching device, a control signal for said third switching device, a control signal for said fourth switching device, a control signal for said fifth switching device and a control signal for said sixth switching device;
said control unit includes a signal processor and a logic unit;
said signal processor is configured to generate the control signal for said fifth switching device and the control signal for said sixth switching device, and to generate a first basic control signal and a second basic control signal; and
said logic unit is configured to generate the control signal for said first switching device and the control signal for said third switching device from the basic control signal and to generate the control signal for said second switching device and the control signal for said fourth switching device from the second basic control signal.
7. The converter according to claim 6 , wherein said control unit is configured to activate said switching devices before said fourth switching device is switched on, causing a potential at said connection node of said third switching device and said fourth switching device during a first predefined time interval to correspond to the neutral potential.
8. The converter according to claim 6 , wherein said control unit is configured to activate said switching devices before said first switching device is switched on, causing a potential at said connection node of said second switching device and said first switching device during a predefined second time interval to correspond to the neutral potential.
9. The converter according to claim 6 , which further comprises free-wheeling diodes each connected in parallel with a respective one of said switching devices.
10. The converter according to claim 6 , wherein:
each of said first switching device, said second switching device, and third switching device, and said fourth switching device is a respective IGBT; and
each of said fifth switching device and said sixth switching device is a respective SiC switching device.