Sub-band and multi-band coded OFDM for high-resolution radar

1. An advanced radio apparatus, comprising:

a set of antennas;

an analog circuit;

a digital circuit;

a medium access control (MAC) controller;

a processor operably connected to the set of antennas, the analog circuit, the digital circuit, and the MAC controller, the processor configured to:

decompose wideband waveform signals into a time-frequency waveform based on a sequence of sub-band signals;

generate a time-frequency radar waveform based on the decomposed wideband waveform signals; and

map, based on the time-frequency radar waveform, a constant amplitude zero auto-correlation (CAZAC) sequence into orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sub-carriers to generate a first radar signal; and

a transceiver operably connected to the processor, the transceiver configured to:

transmit, to a target object via a transmit antenna of the set of antennas, the first radar signal; and

receive, via a receive antenna of the set of antennas, a second signal that is reflected or backscattered from the target object.

2. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to decompose wideband waveform signals into a time-frequency waveform based on multiple narrowband signals.

3. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to generate the CAZAC sequence using a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) pre-coding based on a time-domain CAZAC sequence.

4. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to perform at least one of a sequence hopping of the CAZAC sequence or a frequency hopping in time.

5. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the MAC controller is configured to:

assign time-frequency resources for the first radar signal based on a set of sequences, a time, a frequency pattern, a power, a hopping pattern, a beamforming and interference configuration of reference signal; and

re-assign the time-frequency resources in a semi-static mode or a dynamic mode.

6. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine each sub-band of the sub-band signals; and

apply multiple digital beamforming for each sub-band of the sub-band signals and a single analog beamforming for all sub-band of the sub-band signals.

7. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine each of the sub-band signals based on the first radar signal and the second signal;

obtain a third signal by processing each of the sub-band signals in a frequency domain;

aggregate each of the sub-band signals based on the third signals; and

generate a correlation output in a time domain based on the aggregated each of the sub-band signals.

8. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 7 , wherein:

each of the sub-band signals is accumulated over a time for detection using an amplitude or an amplitude square and a post-processing to remove artefacts; and

the correlation output is stored in a memory that is operably connected to the processor.

9. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the time-frequency radar waveform is an OFDM, a filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), or a DFT pre-coded single carrier waveform.

10. The advanced radio apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:

the advanced radio apparatus further comprises a communication system including an antenna system, a transmitter, a receiver, and a communication processor operably connected to the transmitter, the receiver, and the antenna system; and

the communication system transmits and receives signals using at least one of optical systems, wireless communication protocols or wired communication protocols.

11. A method of an advanced radio apparatus, the method comprising:

decomposing wideband waveform signals into a time-frequency waveform based on a sequence of sub-band signals;

generating a time-frequency radar waveform based on the decomposed wideband waveform signals;

mapping, based on the time-frequency radar waveform, a constant amplitude zero auto-correlation (CAZAC) sequence into orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sub-carriers to generate a first radar signal;

transmitting, to a target object via a transmit antenna of a set of antennas, the first radar signal; and

receiving, via a receive antenna of the set of antennas, a second signal that is reflected or backscattered from the target object.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising decomposing wideband waveform signals into a time-frequency waveform based on multiple narrowband signals.

13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising generating the CAZAC sequence using a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) pre-coding based on a time-domain CAZAC sequence.

14. The method of claim 11 , further comprising performing at least one of a sequence hopping of the CAZAC sequence or a frequency hopping in time.

15. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

assigning time-frequency resources for the first radar signal based on a set of sequences, a time, a frequency pattern, a power, a hopping pattern, a beamforming and interference configuration of reference signal; and

re-assigning the time-frequency resources in a semi-static mode or a dynamic mode.

16. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

determining each sub-band of the sub-band signals; and

applying multiple digital beamforming for each sub-band of the sub-band signals and a single analog beamforming for all sub-band of the sub-band signals.

17. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

determining each of the sub-band signals based on the first radar signal and the second signal;

obtaining a third signal by processing each of the sub-band signals in a frequency domain;

aggregating each of the sub-band signals based on the third signals; and

generating a correlation output in a time domain based on the aggregated each of the sub-band signals.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein:

each of the sub-band signals is accumulated over a time for detection using an amplitude or an amplitude square and a post-processing to remove artefacts; and

the correlation output is stored in a memory.

19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the time-frequency radar waveform is an OFDM, a filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), or a DFT pre-coded single carrier waveform.

20. The method of claim 11 , further comprising transmitting and receiving signals, via an antenna system, a transmitter, a receiver, and a communication processor operably connected to the transmitter, the receiver, and the antenna system, using at least one of optical systems, wireless communication protocols or wired communication protocols.