IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,692,208
Granted Patent B2
US 12,692,208 · App. 17/311,411 · Granted Jul 28, 2026

Reduced vapor-toxicity hydrazine composition

Inventor: Robert K. Masse (Redmond, WA)
Assignee: AEROJET ROCKETDYNE, INC.
C06B47/08
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,692,208
App. No.
17/311,411
Filed
Jun 7, 2021
Granted
Jul 28, 2026
Kind
B2
Art Unit
1734
USPC
149/36
Abstract

The hydrazine-containing composition is a liquid mixture that includes from 5 mol % to 95 mol % of unprotonated hydrazine selected from hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine, dimethylhydrazine, ethylhydrazine, and combinations thereof, and from 5 mol % to 90 mol % of at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent selected from acetals, acetyls, alcoxyamines having two or more carbon atoms, aldehydes, amides, amides and particularly carboxamides, aminoalcohols, carbazides, semicarbazides, carbon-containing nitrate salts comprising cations with logarithmic dissociation constants less than 9.2, hydroxyalkyl nitro compounds, hydroxyalkylhydrazines, carbonates, carboxylic acids and anhydrides of carboxylic acids, esters, ethers, ketals, ketones, mono- and poly-alcohols in 31% or greater mass fraction, nitrate esters, nitrosamines, sugars, and combinations thereof. The unprotonated hydrazine has a first vapor pressure and the oxygen-containing solvent has a second vapor pressure that is less than the first vapor pressure.

Claims (37)

1 . A hydrazine-containing composition comprising:

a liquid mixture comprising

from 5 mol % to 95 mol % of unprotonated hydrazine selected from a group consisting of hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine, dimethylhydrazine, ethylhydrazine, and combinations thereof, the unprotonated hydrazine having a first vapor pressure, and

from 5 mol % to 90 mol % of at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent having a second vapor pressure that is less than the first vapor pressure, the at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent being selected from a group consisting of acetals, acetyls, alcoxyamines having two or more carbon atoms, aldehydes, amides, aminoalcohols, carbazides, semicarbazides, carbon-containing nitrate salts comprising cations with logarithmic dissociation constants greater than 9.2, hydroxyalkyl nitro compounds, hydroxyalkylhydrazines, carbonates, carboxylic acids and anhydrides of carboxylic acids, esters, ethers, ketals, ketones, mono- and poly-alcohols in 31% or greater mass fraction, nitrate esters, nitrosamines, sugars, and combinations thereof.

2 . The composition as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent is selected from a group consisting of carbohydrazide nitrate, ethylammonium nitrate, ethylene dihydrazine nitrate, hydroxyethylhydrazine, hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) hydrazine, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) hydrazinium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

3 . The composition as recited in claim 2 , wherein the liquid mixture includes up to 98 mol % water.

4 . The composition as recited in claim 3 , where in the liquid mixture includes an oxidizer selected from a group consisting of ammonium nitrate, carbohydrazide nitrate, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylammonium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

5 . The composition as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent is selected from a group consisting of ethylammonium nitrate, hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

6 . The composition as recited in claim 5 , wherein the liquid mixture includes up to 98 mol % of water.

7 . The composition as recited in claim 6 , wherein the liquid mixture includes an oxidizer selected from a group consisting of ammonium nitrate, carbohydrazide nitrate, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylammonium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

8 . The composition as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent is ethylammonium nitrate.

9 . The composition as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent is hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate.

10 . The composition as recited in claim 1 , wherein the liquid mixture includes up to 98 mol % of water.

11 . The composition as recited in claim 1 , where in the liquid mixture includes an oxidizer.

12 . The composition as recited in claim 11 , wherein the oxidizer is selected from a group consisting of ammonium nitrate, carbohydrazide nitrate, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylammonium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

13 . The composition as recited in claim 11 , wherein the oxidizer is hydrazinium nitrate.

14 . The composition as recited in claim 11 , wherein the at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent is selected from a group consisting of carbohydrazide nitrate, ethylammonium nitrate, ethylene dihydrazine nitrate, hydroxyethylhydrazine, hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) hydrazine, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) hydrazinium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

15 . The composition as recited in claim 14 , wherein the liquid mixture includes up to 98% of water.

16 . The composition as recited in claim 1 , wherein the liquid mixture has a density of 1.1 grams per cubic centimeter to 1.5 grams per cubic centimeter.

17 . The composition as recited in claim 1 , wherein the second vapor pressure is less than the first vapor pressure by at least 50%.

18 . A hydrazine-containing composition comprising:

a liquid mixture comprising

water,

an oxidizer selected from the group consisting of ammonium dinitramide, ammonium nitrate, carbohydrazide nitrate, hydrazinium nitrate, hydroxylammonium nitrate, and combinations thereof,

unprotonated hydrazine selected from a group consisting of hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine, dimethylhydrazine, ethylhydrazine, and combinations thereof, and

at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent selected from a group consisting of carbohydrazide nitrate, ethylammonium nitrate, ethylene dihydrazine nitrate, hydroxyethylhydrazine, hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

19 . The composition as recited in claim 18 , wherein the liquid mixture includes:

20 mol % to 80 mol % of the unprotonated hydrazine,

10 mol % to 80 mol % of the oxygen-containing solute or solvent,

0 mol % to 20 mol % of the oxidizer, and

0 mol % to 20 mol % of the water.

20 . The composition as recited in claim 19 , wherein the oxidizer is hydrazinium nitrate, and the at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent is selected a group consisting of ethylammonium nitrate and hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

21 . A hydrazine-containing composition comprising:

a liquid mixture comprising

from 5 mol % to 95 mol % of hydrazine having a first vapor pressure, and

from 5 mol % to 90 mol % of at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent having a second vapor pressure that is less than the first vapor pressure, the at least one oxygen-containing solute or solvent being selected from a group consisting of hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate, hydrazinium nitrate, and combinations thereof.

22 . The composition as recited in claim 21 , wherein the liquid mixture comprises 35.7 mol % to 70 mol % of the hydrazine, 16 mol % to 30 mol % of the hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate, and a non-zero amount to 20 mol % of the hydrazinium nitrate.

Assignments (3)
TERMINATION AND RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS Recorded Jul 28, 2023
From: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
To: AEROJET ROCKETDYNE, INC.
Reel/Frame 064423/0966 →
NOTICE OF GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS Recorded Sep 28, 2022
From: AEROJET ROCKETDYNE, INC.
To: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
Reel/Frame 061561/0451 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jun 7, 2021
From: MASSE, ROBERT K.
To: AEROJET ROCKETDYNE, INC.
Reel/Frame 056452/0873 →
Continuity (1)
Related Publication 20220024836A1 · Jan 27, 2022
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