Systems and methods for producing a sugar stream
An improved dry grind system and method for producing a sugar stream from grains or similar carbohydrate sources and/or residues, such as for biofuel production. In particular, a sugar/carbohydrate stream, which includes a desired Dextrose Equivalent (DE) where DE describes the degree of conversion of starch to dextrose (aka glucose) and/or has had removed therefrom an undesirable amount of unfermentable components, can be produced after saccharification and prior to fermentation (or other sugar conversion process), with such sugar stream being available for biofuel production, e.g., alcohol production, or other processes. In addition, the systems and methods also can involve the removal of certain grain components, e.g., corn kernel components, including protein, oil and/or fiber, prior to fermentation or other conversion systems. In other words, sugar stream production and/or grain component separation occurs on the front end of the system and method.
1. A method for producing a sugar stream comprising:
mixing ground grain and/or grain components with a liquid to produce a slurry including starch and unfermentable components;
subjecting the slurry to liquefaction followed by saccharification to convert starch to sugars and produce a stream including the sugars and unfermentable components; and
directly after or during the saccharification step, separating the stream, via particle sizes with a paddle screen, into a solids portion including unfermentable components and a liquid portion including the sugars, followed by separating out free oil from the liquid portion, via density, followed by separating out residual protein from the liquid portion, via density, wherein the liquid portion, after separating out the residual protein, has a dextrose equivalent of at least 20 D.E. and a total unfermentable solids fraction that is less than or equal to 10% of the total solids content, and thereafter microfiltering the liquid portion to filter out additional insoluble components, wherein the liquid portion, after microfiltering, defines a sugar stream that remains separate from the solids portion and that has a total unfermentable solids fraction that is less than or equal to 10% of the totals solids content.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising grinding grain and/or grain components into the ground grain and/or grain components.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising subjecting the sugar stream, which remains separate from the solids portion, to fermentation to produce a biofuel and/or biochemical.
4. The method of claim 3 further comprising recovering a fermentation agent used in fermentation to produce the biofuel and/or biochemical.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising recovering the free oil to yield an oil co-product.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the unfermentable components of the solids portion includes protein and further comprising separating and recovering the protein to yield a protein co-product.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the unfermentable components of the solids portion includes fiber and further comprising recovering the fiber to yield a fiber co-product.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein after mixing the ground grain and/or grain component with the liquid to produce the slurry including starch and unfermentable components and prior to subjecting the slurry to liquefaction followed by saccharification, milling the slurry of ground grain and/or grain component.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the liquid portion, after microfiltering, defines a sugar stream having a total unfermentable solids fraction that is less than 5% of the total solids content.
10. The method of claim 1 further comprising separating the separated solids portion into a second solids portion including unfermentable components and a second liquid portion including sugars.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the grain and/or grain component are one or more selected from the group consisting of corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, rye, rice, oats, sugar cane, tapioca, and cassava.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the unfermentable components of the solids portion includes fiber and further comprising recovering the fiber to yield a fiber co-product and then subjecting the recovered fiber to fermentation.
13. A method for producing a sugar stream comprising:
mixing ground grain and/or grain components with a liquid to produce a slurry including starch and unfermentable components;
subjecting the slurry to liquefaction optionally followed by saccharification to reduce at least a portion of the starch to sugars and produce a stream including the sugars and unfermentable components;
directly after liquefaction or optional saccharification, separating the stream, via particle sizes with a paddle screen, into a solids portion including unfermentable components and a liquid portion including the sugars, followed by separating out free oil from the liquid portion, via density, followed by separating out residual protein from the liquid portion, via density, wherein the liquid portion, after separating out the residual protein, has a dextrose equivalent of at least 20 D.E. and a total unfermentable solids fraction that is less than or equal to 10% of the total solids content, and thereafter microfiltering the liquid portion to filter out additional insoluble components, wherein the liquid portion, after microfiltering, defines a sugar stream that remains separate from the solids portion and that has a total unfermentable solids fraction that is less than or equal to 10% of the totals solids content; and
subjecting the sugar stream, which remains separate from the solids portion, to a sugar utilization process to produce a biofuel and/or biochemical.
14. The method of claim 1 further comprising grinding grain and/or grain components into the ground grain and/or grain components.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein subjecting the sugar stream to a sugar utilization process comprises subjecting the sugar stream to fermentation to produce the biofuel and/or biochemical.
16. The method of claim 15 further comprising recovering a fermentation agent used in fermentation to produce the biofuel and/or biochemical.
17. The method of claim 1 further comprising recovering the free oil to yield an oil co-product.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the unfermentable components of the solids portion includes protein and further comprising separating and recovering the protein to yield a protein co-product.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein the unfermentable components of the solids portion includes fiber and further comprising recovering the fiber to yield a fiber co-product.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein after mixing the ground grain and/or grain component with the liquid to produce the slurry including starch and unfermentable components and prior to subjecting the slurry to liquefaction optionally followed by saccharification, milling the slurry of ground grain and/or grain component.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein the liquid portion, after microfiltering, defines a sugar stream having a total unfermentable solids fraction that is less than 5% of the total solids content.
22. The method of claim 1 further comprising separating the separated solids portion into a second solids portion including unfermentable components and a second liquid portion including sugars.
23. The method of claim 1 wherein the grain and/or grain component are one or more selected from the group consisting of corn, wheat, barley, sorghum, rye, rice, oats, sugar cane, tapioca, and cassava.
24. The method of claim 1 wherein subjecting the sugar stream to a sugar utilization process comprises subjecting the sugar stream only to alcohol fermentation.
25. The method of claim 1 wherein the unfermentable components of the solids portion includes fiber and further comprising recovering the fiber to yield only a fiber co-product.
26. The method of claim 1 wherein the unfermentable components of the solids portion includes fiber and further comprising recovering the fiber to yield a fiber co-product and then subjecting the recovered fiber to fermentation.
27. The method of claim 1 wherein directly after liquefaction or optional saccharification, separating the stream, via particle sizes with a paddle screen, comprises directly after liquefaction, separating the stream, via particle sizes with a paddle screen.
28. The method of claim 27 comprising, after microfiltering, subjecting the sugar stream to saccharification to produce a saccharified sugar stream including simple sugars that remains separate from the solids portion and that has a total unfermentable solids fraction that is less than or equal to 10% of the totals solids content, and subjecting the saccharified sugar stream to the sugar utilization process to produce a biofuel and/or biochemical.