Directional coupler comprising a first linear conductor coupled to a second winding conductor, such that the first conductor has a length less than one-quarter wavelength
A signal coupling system may include a directional coupler that includes a first conductor and a second conductor. The first conductor may include a first end and a second end and may be generally arranged along a first plane. The second conductor may include a third end and a fourth end and may generally be arranged as a plurality of windings along a second plane. The signal coupling system may also include a transceiver, electrically conductively conducted to the first end; and an antenna, electrically conductively conducted to the second end. The second conductor may be configured to generate a coupling with the first conductor when the first conductor conducts an electric signal, such that the coupler conducts a first electrical signal from the first end to the second end at a second power, and conducts the electrical signal via the coupling to the third end at a third power.
1. A signal coupling system, comprising:
a directional coupler, comprising:
a first conductor:
comprising a first end and a second end; and
arranged along a first plane;
a second conductor:
comprising a third end and a fourth end; and
arranged as a plurality of windings along a second plane;
a transceiver, operably conducted to the first end; and
an antenna, operably conducted to the second end;
wherein the second conductor is configured to couple to the first conductor for an electrical signal conductivity at the first conductor; and
wherein, the directional coupler is further configured to conduct a first electrical signal from the first end at a first power to the second end at a second power, and to couple the first electrical signal to the third end at a third power;
wherein the directional coupler is configured to have an operational frequency, and wherein a length of the first conductor is shorter than one-fourth of a wavelength of the operational frequency.
2. The signal coupling system of claim 1 , wherein the directional coupler is configured to conduct a second electrical signal, received at the second end at a fourth power, from the second end to the first end at a fifth power, and to conduct the second electrical signal via inductive coupling to the fourth end at a sixth power.
3. The signal coupling system of claim 1 , wherein the operational frequency is 76 GHz and 81 GHz, and the first conductor has a length of less than one-fourth a wavelength of the operational frequency.
4. The signal coupling system of claim 1 , wherein an inductance of the first conductor is approximately one-tenth of an inductance of the second conductor.
5. The signal coupling system of claim 1 , wherein no direct, electrically conductive connection exists between the first conductor and the second conductor.
6. The signal coupling system of claim 1 , wherein the first conductor is arranged linearly.
7. The signal coupling system of claim 1 , wherein the second plane is above or below the first plane.
8. The signal coupling system of claim 1 , wherein a difference between the first power and the second power is less than 0.15 dB.
9. The signal coupling system of claim 1 , wherein the operational frequency is between 130 GHz and 150 GHz.
10. A directional coupler, comprising:
a first conductor:
comprising a first end and a second end; and
arranged along a first plane;
a second conductor:
comprising a third end and a fourth end; and
arranged as a plurality of windings along a second plane;
wherein the second conductor is configured to couple to the first conductor for an electrical signal conductivity at the first conductor; and
wherein, the directional coupler is further configured to conduct a first electrical signal from the first end at a first power to the second end at a second power, and to couple to the third end at a third power the first electrical signal;
wherein the directional coupler is configured to have an operational frequency, and wherein a length of the first conductor is shorter than one-fourth of a wavelength of the operational frequency.
11. The signal coupling system of claim 10 , wherein the operational frequency is 76 GHz and 81 GHz.
12. The directional coupler of claim 10 , wherein the directional coupler is further configured to conduct a second electrical signal from the second end to the first end at a fifth power, and to conduct the second electrical signal via inductive coupling to the fourth end at a sixth power.
13. The signal coupling system of claim 10 , wherein the operational frequency is between 130 GHz and 150 GHz.
14. The signal coupling system of claim 10 , wherein an inductance of the first conductor is approximately one-tenth of an inductance of the second conductor.
15. The signal coupling system of claim 10 , wherein no direct, electrically conductive connection exists between the first conductor and the second conductor.
16. The signal coupling system of claim 10 , wherein the first conductor is arranged linearly.
17. The signal coupling system of claim 10 , wherein the second plane is above or below the first plane.
18. The signal coupling system of claim 10 , wherein a difference between the first power and the second power is less than 0.15 dB.