Antimicrobial coatings for medical implements and medical devices
The present disclosure provides antimicrobial coating compositions that are used to form residual antimicrobial coatings on medical implements and medical devices including the components of medical equipment such as CPAP/BiPAP machines. Antimicrobial coating compositions comprise at least one of an organosilane (R 1 O) 3 Si—R 2 —Z, an organic amine R 9 R 10 R 11 N, a titanium (IV) species, a 1,2-diol, an α-hydroxy acid, a β-hydroxy acid, and an organosilane grafted parylene polymer, wherein R 1 is H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, R 2 is a bivalent linker, Z is a nucleophile, leaving group, or quaternary nitrogen substituent, and R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 are independently H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl or cyclic.
1. A method of coating an implantable medical device, the method comprising:
immersing the implantable medical device in an aqueous composition comprising a mixture of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, triethanolamine and water;
drying the implantable medical device under ambient conditions to produce a coating on the implantable medical device; and
curing the coating on the implantable medical device by heating the implantable medical device at between about 100° C. to about 1000° C. to produce a cured coating on the implantable medical device;
wherein the aqueous composition is of the formulation: 10% v/v 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.28% v/v triethanolamine, remainder water; and
wherein the cured coating on the implantable medical device exhibits a residual antimicrobial efficacy against at least one of S. epidermidis or E. aerogenes.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the implantable medical device comprises Nitinol, stainless steel, or silicone rubber surfaces.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises autoclaving the coated implantable medical device comprising stainless steel at about 121° C. for 20 minutes, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 4.33 log 10 reduction of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 1 hour after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with S. epidermidis ATCC 12228.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises autoclaving the coated implantable medical device comprising stainless steel at about 121° C. for 20 minutes, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 2.93 log 10 reduction of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 2 hours after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with S. epidermidis ATCC 12228.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises heating the coated implantable medical device comprising silicone rubber at about 100° C. for 1 hour, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 3.81 log 10 reduction of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 1 hour after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with S. epidermidis ATCC 12228.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises heating the coated implantable medical device comprising silicone rubber at about 100° C. for 1 hour, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 2.74 log 10 reduction of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 2 hours after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with S. epidermidis ATCC 12228.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises heating the coated implantable medical device comprising Nitinol at about 100° C. for 1 hour, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 2.68 log 10 reduction of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 1 hour after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with S. epidermidis ATCC 12228.
8. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises heating the coated implantable medical device comprising Nitinol at about 100° C. for 1 hour, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 2.70 log 10 reduction of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 2 hours after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with S. epidermidis ATCC 12228.
9. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises autoclaving the coated implantable medical device comprising stainless steel at about 121° C. for 20 minutes, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 3.60 log 10 reduction of E. aerogenes ATCC 13048 1 hour after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with E. aerogenes ATCC 13048.
10. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises autoclaving the coated implantable medical device comprising stainless steel at about 121° C. for 20 minutes, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 3.86 log 10 reduction of E. aerogenes ATCC 13048 2 hours after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with E. aerogenes ATCC 13048.
11. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises heating the coated implantable medical device comprising silicone rubber at about 100° C. for 1 hour, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 3.27 log 10 reduction of E. aerogenes ATCC 13048 1 hour after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with E. aerogenes ATCC 13048.
12. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises heating the coated implantable medical device comprising silicone rubber at about 100° C. for 1 hour, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 2.08 log 10 reduction of E. aerogenes ATCC 13048 2 hours after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with E. aerogenes ATCC 13048.
13. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises heating the coated implantable medical device comprising Nitinol at about 100° C. for 1 hour, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 5.13 log 10 reduction of E. aerogenes ATCC 13048 1 hour after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with E. aerogenes ATCC 13048.
14. The method of claim 2 , wherein curing comprises heating the coated implantable medical device comprising Nitinol at about 100° C. for 1 hour, wherein the cured coating exhibits about a 4.55 log 10 reduction of E. aerogenes ATCC 13048 2 hours after initial inoculation of the coated implantable medical device with E. aerogenes ATCC 13048.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the implantable medical device comprises a coronary stent or an indwelling urinary catheter.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the implantable medical device comprises a Nitinol stent, an artificial joint, a component of an artificial joint, a pin, a bone screw, a prosthetic limb, a prosthetic breast, a prosthetic eye, an artificial heart valve, an artificial vessel, a mechanical heart, a pacemaker, a support screen, a staple, an electrical wire, an electrode, or a sensor.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating on the implantable medical device is cured by heating at about 100° C.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the implantable medical device comprises 316 stainless steel or Nitinol and wherein, after the immersing, the implantable medical device is: (a) allowed to dry under ambient conditions, (b) annealed at from about 100° C. to about 1000° C., and (c) sterilized by autoclaving for 20 minutes at 121° C.