Selective adsorption of gaseous alkenes into non-porous copper(I) complexes: controlling heat of adsorption and loading pressure
Disclosed are air-stable small-molecule adsorbents trimeric [Cu—Br] 3 and [Cu—H] 3 that undergo a reversible solid-state molecular rearrangements to [Cu—Br.(alkene)] 2 and [Cu—H.(alkene)] 2 dimers. The reversible solid-state rearrangement allows one to break adsorbent design trade-offs and achieve low heat of adsorption while retaining high selectivity and uptake.
1. A composition comprising an alkene and a compound having Formula I:
wherein each X is, independent of the other, chosen from H and Br; and each Y is, independent of the other, chose from CF 3 , C 2 F 5 , C 3 F 7 , C 4 F 8 , F, Cl, Br, and I.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkene is ethene, propene, 1-butene, or a mixture thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Y is CF 3 .
4. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an alkane.
5. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a complex having Formula II:
wherein each X is, independent of the other, chosen from H and Br; and each Y is, independent of the other, chosen from CF 3 , C 2 F 5 , C 3 F 7 , C 4 F 8 , F, Cl, Br, and I.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein Alkene is ethene, propene, or 1-butene.
7. A complex having Formula II:
wherein each X is, independent of the other, chosen from H and Br; and each Y is, independent of the other, chosen from CF 3 , C 2 F 5 , C 3 F 7 , C 4 F 8 , F, Cl, Br, and I.
8. The complex of claim 7 , wherein Alkene is ethene, propene, or 1-butene.
9. The complex of claim 7 , wherein Y is CF 3 .
10. A method of separating an alkene from a mixture comprising the alkene and an alkane, comprising: contacting the mixture with a compound having Formula I:
to form a complex having Formula II
wherein each X is, independent of the other, chosen from H and Br; and each Y is, independent of the other, chosen from CF 3 , C 2 F 5 , C 3 F 7 , C 4 F 8 , F, Cl, Br, and I.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein Y is CF 3 .
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the alkene is ethene, propene, 1-butene, or a mixture thereof.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the alkane is ethane, propane, butane, or a mixture thereof.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mixture is contacted with the compound having Formula I at a pressure below a partial pressure of the alkene.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mixture is contacted with the compound having Formula I at a temperature from 0° C. to 200° C.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mixture is contacted with the compound having Formula I at a pressure from ambient pressure to 100 kPa.
17. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mixture is contacted with the compound having Formula I at a pressure from 100 kPa to 100,000 kPa.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mixture is contacted with the compound having Formula I at a pressure from 600 kPa to 1000 kPa.
19. The method of claim 10 , further comprising reducing pressure to ambient pressure or below after forming the complex having Formula II, and collecting the alkene.
20. The method of claim 10 , further comprising increasing temperature after forming the complex having Formula II, and collecting the alkene.
21. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mixture is contacted with the compound having Formula I in the presence of a solvent.