Electrical energy store, device and method for operating an electrical energy store
Electrical energy store ( 1 ) having at least two electrical energy storage modules ( 3, 13, 23, 33 ), a control unit ( 2 ), a voltage connection ( 11 ) and switching elements ( 4, 6, 14, 16, 24, 26, 34, 36 ). In one example, the electrical energy store ( 1 ) has a first voltage rail ( 9 ) and a second voltage rail ( 10 ) that are each connected to the voltage connection ( 11 ), and the electrical energy storage modules ( 3, 13, 23, 33 ) are configured to be connected to the first voltage rail ( 9 ) or to the second voltage rail ( 10 ) or to one another by means of the switching elements ( 4, 6, 14, 16, 24, 26, 34, 36 ).
1. An electrical energy store ( 1 ) comprising:
at least two electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ), each electrical energy storage module having a positive first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ) and a negative second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ),
a control unit ( 2 ),
a voltage connection ( 11 ), and
first switching elements ( 4 , 14 , 24 , 34 ) each corresponding to a respective one of the first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ),
second switching elements ( 6 , 16 , 26 , 36 ) each corresponding to a respective one of the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ),
wherein
the electrical energy store ( 1 ) has a positive first voltage rail ( 9 ) and a negative second voltage rail ( 10 ) that are each connected to the voltage connection ( 11 ),
wherein
each of the first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ) are configured to be connected to one of the positive first voltage rail ( 9 ), a neutral position, or to the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 ) of a further electrical energy storage module ( 3 , 13 , 23 ) via one of the respective first switching elements ( 4 , 14 , 24 , 34 ), and
each of the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ) are configured to be connected to one of the negative second voltage rail ( 10 ), a neutral position, or to the first electrical connection ( 17 , 27 , 37 ) of a further electrical energy storage module ( 13 , 23 , 33 ) via one of the respective second switching elements ( 6 , 16 , 26 , 36 ).
2. The electrical energy store ( 1 ) according to claim 1 ,
wherein
the control unit ( 2 ) is electrically connected to the electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) the first voltage rail ( 9 ), and the second voltage rail ( 10 ),
wherein the control unit ( 2 ) is electrically connected to the respective electrical energy storage module ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) via a respective connecting means ( 5 , 15 , 25 , 35 ), and
wherein the respective connecting means ( 5 , 15 , 25 , 35 ) has a lower dielectric strength than the first and second voltage rail ( 9 , 10 ).
3. The electrical energy store ( 1 ) according to claim 1 ,
wherein
the control unit ( 2 ) is connected to the electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) and the switching elements ( 4 , 6 , 14 , 16 , 24 , 26 , 34 , 36 ), in each case in a data-carrying manner, and
wherein the control unit ( 2 ) is configured to evaluate status parameters of the electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) and to actuate the switching elements ( 4 , 6 , 14 , 16 , 24 , 26 , 34 , 36 ) on the basis of the status parameters.
4. The electrical energy store ( 1 ) according to claim 1 ,
wherein
each electrical energy storage module ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) has electrical energy storage cells that are arranged in a series circuit, and
wherein each electrical energy storage module ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) has the same number of electrical energy storage cells.
5. A vehicle comprising:
an electrical energy store ( 1 ) that includes
at least two electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ), each electrical energy storage module having a positive first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ) and a negative second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ),
a control unit ( 2 ),
a voltage connection ( 11 ), and
first switching elements ( 4 , 14 , 24 , 34 ), each corresponding to a respective one of the first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ),
second switching elements ( 6 , 16 , 26 , 36 ) each corresponding to a respective one of the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ),
wherein
the electrical energy store ( 1 ) has a positive first voltage rail ( 9 ) and a negative second voltage rail ( 10 ) that are each connected to the voltage connection ( 11 ),
wherein each of the first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ) are configured to be connected to one of the positive first voltage rail ( 9 ), a neutral position, or to the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 ) of a further electrical energy storage module ( 3 , 13 , 23 ) via one of the respective first switching elements ( 4 , 14 , 24 , 34 ), and
each of the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ) are configured to be connected to one of the negative second voltage rail ( 10 ), a neutral position, or to the first electrical connection ( 17 , 27 , 37 ) of a further electrical energy storage module ( 13 , 23 , 33 ) via one of the respective switching elements ( 6 , 16 , 26 , 36 ).
6. A method ( 100 ) for operating an electrical energy store ( 1 ) that includes
at least two electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ), each electrical energy storage module having a positive first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ) and a negative second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ),
a control unit ( 2 ),
a voltage connection ( 11 ), and
first switching elements ( 4 , 14 , 24 , 34 ) each corresponding to a respective one of the first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ),
second switching elements ( 6 , 16 , 26 , 36 ) each corresponding to a respective one of the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ),
wherein
the electrical energy store ( 1 ) has a positive first voltage rail ( 9 ) and a negative second voltage rail ( 10 ) that are each connected to the voltage connection ( 11 ),
wherein each of the first electrical connection means ( 7 , 17 , 27 , 37 ) are configured to be connected to one of the positive first voltage rail ( 9 ), a neutral position, or to the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 ) of a further electrical energy storage module ( 3 , 13 , 23 ) via one of the respective first switching elements ( 4 , 14 , 24 , 34 ), and
each of the second electrical connection means ( 8 , 18 , 28 , 38 ) are configured to be connected to one of the negative second voltage rail ( 10 ), a neutral position, or to the first electrical connection ( 17 , 27 , 37 ) of a further electrical energy storage module ( 13 , 23 , 33 ) via the respective second switching elements ( 6 , 16 , 26 , 36 ) the method comprising:
in a first method step ( 101 ), determining a state of charge of the electrical energy store ( 1 ) and setting an operating mode of the electrical energy store ( 1 ),
in a second method step ( 102 ), switching elements ( 4 , 6 , 14 , 16 , 24 , 26 , 34 , 36 ) between electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) and voltage rails ( 9 , 10 ) of the electrical energy store ( 1 ), and
in a third method step ( 103 ), connecting the electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) to a charging device or a load.
7. The method ( 100 ) according to claim 6 ,
wherein,
in the second method step ( 102 ), controlling the switching elements to a first variant ( 102 a ) of switch positions, all the electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) are connected in parallel.
8. The method ( 100 ) according to claim 6 ,
wherein,
in the second method step ( 102 ), controlling the switching elements to a second variant ( 102 b ) of switch positions, all the electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) are connected in a series circuit.
9. The method ( 100 ) according to claim 6 ,
wherein,
in the second method step ( 102 ), controlling the switching elements to a third variant ( 102 c ) of switch positions, groups of electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) connected in series are connected in parallel.
10. The method ( 100 ) according to claim 6 ,
wherein,
in the second method step ( 102 ), controlling the switching elements to a fourth variant ( 102 d ) of switch positions, a first electrical energy storage module ( 3 ) is electrically conductively connected to the control unit ( 2 ) and the other electrical energy storage modules ( 13 , 23 , 33 ) are connected in parallel.
11. The method ( 100 ) according to claim 7 ,
wherein
controlling the switching elements to the fourth variant ( 102 d ) of switch positions, further electrical energy storage modules ( 13 , 23 , 33 ) are fed from the first electrical energy storage module ( 3 ), wherein the control unit ( 2 ) is configured to
limits the current from the first electrical energy storage module ( 3 ), or
select, as the first electrical energy storage module ( 3 ), the electrical energy storage module that has at least one of the highest state of charge or the highest voltage, or both.
12. The method ( 100 ) according to claim 6
wherein,
in the first method step ( 101 ), a check is performed to determine whether the electrical energy store ( 1 ) is connected to a charging device and, if the electrical energy storage module is, which charging voltage the charging device has.
13. The method ( 100 ) according to claim 6 ,
wherein,
charging or fast charging or discharging or voltage balancing of the electrical energy storage modules ( 3 , 13 , 23 , 33 ) is selected as the operating mode.