Photonic-powered EC devices
Electrochromic window systems and components thereof are disclosed, more particularly systems where electrochromic devices are powered and/or controlled using photonic energy. In some instances, a laser is driven by a driver to deliver photonic power and/or control information into an optical fiber. The optical fiber carries the power and control information to a photovoltaic converter and a controller. The photovoltaic converter and controller may be included within an insulated glass unit (IGU). The photovoltaic converter converts the light energy into electrical energy used to power a transition in an optical state of an electrochromic layer or layers within the IGU. The controller may be used to control the power delivered to the electrochromic layer(s), such that a smooth transition occurs. In some embodiments, control information may be transmitted in an upstream manner to communicate information regarding, for example, the state of an electrochromic device.
1. A system comprising:
i) at least one electrochromic (EC) window;
ii) an EC window controller configured to control tint states of the at least one EC window;
iii) a photovoltaic (PV) power converter; and
iv) an optical fiber; wherein:
the PV power converter is configured to receive photonic energy by way of the optical fiber; and
the EC window controller is configured to receive status information concerning the EC window and encode the status information for upstream transmission on the optical fiber.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the status information includes:
voltages and currents applied to the EC window, a current transmission state, operational status of device controls, and/or ambient temperature or other environmental condition.
3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one sensor, wherein the status information includes sensed data received from the at least one sensor.
4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a photoemitter configured to generate a light beam, wherein the EC window controller is configured to encode the light beam with the status information.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the EC window controller is configured to encode the light beam with the status information by converting the status information into a serial data stream.
6. The system of claim 5 , further comprising a splitter configured to reflect the encoded light beam into the optical fiber.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the optical fiber is bidirectional.
8. The system of claim 4 , wherein the photoemitter is or includes a laser diode or a photo diode.
9. The system of claim 4 , wherein the photonic energy is input to the optical fiber by a laser diode operating at a first wavelength.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the photoemitter operates at a second wavelength substantially removed from the first wavelength.
11. A system comprising:
i) an insulated glass unit (IGU) comprising an electrochromic (EC) window, the IGU including two substantially transparent substrates and a spacer sandwiched therebetween, the spacer comprising a primary seal, at least one of the two substrates configured with an EC device;
ii) an EC window controller configured to control tint states of the EC window;
iii) a photovoltaic (PV) power converter; wherein:
one or both of the PV power converter and window controller is positioned, at least partially, in a secondary seal of the IGU, the secondary seal being disposed outboard of and proximate to the spacer.
12. The system of claim 11 , further comprising:
iv) an optical fiber; wherein the PV power converter is configured to receive photonic energy by way of the optical fiber.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the EC window controller is configured to receive status information concerning the EC device and encode the status information for upstream transmission on the optical fiber.
14. The system of claim 12 , further comprising a diode laser configured to supply the photonic energy to the optical fiber.
15. The system of claim 12 , wherein the optical fiber is coupled to the PV power converter via an optical conduit configured to pass through the secondary seal.
16. The system of claim 11 , wherein the IGU includes a window frame and electrical wiring delivering power to the EC window controller, the electrical wiring configured with a pig tail connector.
17. The system of claim 11 , wherein an electrical plug is integrated into the secondary seal.
18. A window controller for an insulated glass unit (IGU) that includes an electrochromic (EC) device, wherein:
the IGU includes two substantially transparent substrates and a spacer sandwiched therebetween, the spacer comprising a primary seal, at least one of the two substrates being configured with the EC device; and
the IGU includes a photovoltaic (PV) power converter configured to convert photonic energy to electricity, wherein the PV power converter is positioned, at least partially, in a secondary seal of the IGU.
19. A window controller of claim 18 , wherein the window controller is configured to receive at least a portion of the electricity from the PV power converter.
20. The window controller of claim 18 , wherein the window controller is configured to demodulate the photonic energy when the photonic energy received at the window controller is modulated.
21. The window controller of claim 20 , wherein the window controller is configured to decode amplitude modulation in the photonic energy received at the window controller.
22. The window controller of claim 21 , wherein the window controller is configured to determine, from the amplitude modulation, the polarity of voltage or current to be applied to the IGU.
23. The window controller of claim 20 , wherein the window controller is configured to decode frequency modulation in the photonic energy received at the window controller.
24. The window controller of claim 18 , wherein the window controller is configured to receive status information concerning the EC device and encode the status information for upstream transmission on an optical fiber.