Cryogenic air separation unit with argon condenser vapor recycle
A system and method for producing two or more nitrogen product streams and a crude argon stream from a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit is provided. The disclosed embodiments of the cryogenic-based nitrogen and argon producing air separation units and associated air separation cycles include the means for directing a first portion of a boil-off stream from an argon condenser of the air separation unit to a waste expansion refrigeration circuit and concurrently recycling a second portion of the boil-off stream from the argon condenser to the main air compression system of the air separation unit to be mixed or blended with the incoming feed air. Optionally, a third portion of the boil-off stream from the argon condenser may be further compressed in a cold compressor and returned to the lower pressure column.
1. An argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit configured to receive an incoming feed air stream and produce a nitrogen product stream and an argon stream, the argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit having a main air compression and purification system, a main heat exchanger, a distillation column system having a higher pressure column and a lower pressure column linked in a heat transfer arrangement via a main condenser-reboiler, and an argon column arrangement comprising an argon column configured for receiving an argon-oxygen containing stream from the lower pressure column and an argon condenser configured for condensing an argon-rich vapor stream from the argon column against an oxygen containing condensing medium from the higher pressure column, the argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit characterized by:
a first portion of a boil-off stream from the argon condenser configured to be combined with an oxygen stream from the lower pressure column and expanded in a waste expansion turbine; and
a second portion of the boil-off stream from the argon condenser is configured to be recycled and mixed with the incoming feed air stream.
2. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of a boil-off stream from the argon condenser is compressed in a cold compressor interposed between the argon condenser and the lower pressure column to produce a cold compressed boil-off stream.
3. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 2 , wherein the cold compressed boil-off stream is divided into a first part configured to be combined with the oxygen stream from the lower pressure column and a second part that is returned to the lower pressure column.
4. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 3 , wherein the waste expansion turbine is operatively coupled to and drives the cold compressor.
5. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 1 , further comprising one or more subcoolers and wherein the oxygen containing condensing medium is a subcooled kettle liquid stream taken from the higher pressure column.
6. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 1 , further comprising one or more subcoolers and wherein the oxygen containing condensing medium is a subcooled oxygen liquid stream taken from the lower pressure column.
7. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 1 , further comprising one or more subcoolers and wherein the oxygen containing condensing medium is a synthetic kettle stream comprised of a subcooled oxygen liquid stream taken from the lower pressure column and a nitrogen stream from an external source of liquid nitrogen.
8. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 1 , further comprising one or more subcoolers wherein the oxygen containing condensing medium is a synthetic kettle stream comprised of a subcooled oxygen liquid stream taken from the lower pressure column and a nitrogen stream from the lower pressure column or from the main condenser reboiler.
9. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 1 , wherein the flow of the second portion of the boil-off stream is between about 12% and 25% of the flow of the incoming feed air stream.
10. The argon and nitrogen producing air separation unit of claim 5 , wherein the argon column has less than 200 stages of separation and the argon recovery from the air separation unit is 75% or more of the argon contained in the incoming feed air stream.
11. A method for operating a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit, the air separation unit configured to receive an incoming feed air stream and produce two or more nitrogen product streams, and a crude argon stream, the air separation unit having a main air compression system, a waste expansion refrigeration circuit, a main heat exchanger, and a distillation column system having a higher pressure column and a lower pressure column linked in a heat transfer arrangement via a main condenser-reboiler, an argon column configured for receiving an argon-oxygen containing stream from the lower pressure column and an argon condenser configured for condensing an argon-rich vapor stream from the argon column against an oxygen containing condensing medium, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) directing a first portion of a boil-off stream from an argon condenser to the waste expansion refrigeration circuit;
(b) mixing or blending the first portion of the boil-off stream from the argon condenser with a liquid oxygen stream from the lower pressure column to produce an oxygen-rich feed stream and control the oxygen content of the oxygen-rich feed stream feed stream;
(c) directing the oxygen-rich feed stream to the waste expansion refrigeration circuit;
(d) recycling a second portion of the boil-off stream from the argon condenser to the main air compression system;
(e) mixing or blending the second portion of the boil-off stream from the argon condenser with the incoming feed air stream; and
wherein the argon column has less than about 200 stages of separation and the argon recovery from the air separation unit is 75% or more of the argon contained in the incoming feed air stream.
12. The method for operating a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit of claim 11 , further comprising the step of returning a third portion of the boil-off stream from an argon condenser to the lower pressure column.
13. The method for operating a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit of claim 11 , wherein the recycled second portion of the boil-off stream from the argon condenser is preferably between about 5.0% and about 12.0% of the flow of the incoming feed air stream.
14. The method for operating a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit of claim 11 , wherein the oxygen containing condensing medium is a subcooled kettle liquid stream taken from the higher pressure column.
15. The method for operating a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit of claim 11 , wherein the two or more nitrogen product streams further comprise a gaseous nitrogen product stream taken from the lower pressure column and another gaseous nitrogen product stream taken from the higher pressure column.
16. The method for operating a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit of claim 12 , further comprising the step of cold compressing part of the boil-off stream from the argon condenser in a cold compressor to produce a further compressed boil-off stream.
17. The method for operating a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit of claim 16 , further comprising the step of dividing the further compressed boil-off stream into the first portion of the boil-off stream and the third portion of the boil-off stream.
18. The method for operating a nitrogen and argon producing air separation unit of claim 16 , wherein the cold compressor is operatively coupled to and driven by an expander in the waste expansion refrigeration circuit.