Method of predicting survival rates for cancer patients
The present invention provides a method for providing a prognosis for a subject with lung cancer, the method comprising: (a) contacting a biological sample from the subject with reagents that specifically bind to each member of a panel of biomarkers comprising ANLN, ASPM, CDCA4, ERRFI1, FURIN, GOLGA8A, ITGA6, JAG1, LRP12, MAFF, MRPS17, PLK1, PNP, PPP1 R13L, PRKCA, PTTG1, PYGB, RPP25, SCPEP1, SLC46A3, SNX7, TPBG, XBP1; (b) determining a riskscore of the subject based on the nucleic acid levels of expression of the biomarkers in the samples; and (c) providing a prognosis for the lung cancer based on the risk score of the subject.
1. A method of treatment of a subject with lung cancer comprising the steps of predicting a level of risk of mortality for a subject with lung cancer the method comprising:
(a) contacting a biological sample from the subject with reagents that specifically bind to each member of a panel of biomarkers consisting of ANLN, ASPM, CDCA4, ERRFI1, FURIN, GOLGA8A, ITGA6, JAG1, LRP12, MAFF, MRPS17, PLK1, PNP, PPP1R13L, PRKCA, PTTG1, PYGB, RPP25, SCPEP1, SLC46A3, SNX7, TPBG, and XBP1;
(b) determining a risk score of the subject based on the nucleic acid levels of expression of the biomarkers in the samples;
(c) comparing the risk score to a threshold to predict whether the subject is at high or low risk of mortality;
(d) selecting a treatment from surgical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy or CAR-T therapy,
wherein for a subject at low risk of mortality the selected treatment is surgical treatment alone, and
wherein for a subject at high risk of mortality the selected treatment is surgical treatment, and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy or CAR-T therapy; and
(e) administering the treatment.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein determining a risk score of the subject comprises:
for each of the biomarkers, determining a score indicative of nucleic acid levels of expression in the tissue sample;
calculating a risk score based on the determined scores, wherein the risk score is calculated by summing weighted biomarker scores, wherein the biomarker scores are based on the determined scores and each biomarker score has an associated weight; and
comparing the risk score to a threshold.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the associated weight for each of the biomarker scores for GOLGA8A, SCPEP1, SLC46A3 and XBP1 has a negative value and the associated weight for the biomarker score for ANLN, ASPM, CDCA4, ERRFI1, FURIN, ITGA6, JAG1, LRP12, MAFF, MRPS17, PLK1, PNP, PPP1R13L, PRKCA, PTTG1, PYGB, RPP25, SNX7 and TPBG has a positive value.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the weighted sum for the risk score is:
riskscore= b 1 x 1i +b 2 x 2i + . . . +b n x ni
where x 1i ,x 2i , . . . ,x ni are the biomarker scores for the four selected biomarkers for each subject i and b 1 ,b 2 , . . . ,b n are a set of associated weights for each biomarker score.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising determining the weights for the weighted sum using a Cox proportional hazard model which is trained using training data comprising information on a plurality of biomarkers in a set of subjects.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising identifying the plurality of biomarkers to be used in the Cox proportional hazard model, wherein the plurality of biomarkers are selected from the group comprising ANLN, ASPM, CDCA4, ERRFI1, FURIN, GOLGA8A, ITGA6, JAG1, LRP12, MAFF, MRPS17, PLK1, PNP, PPP1R13L, PRKCA, PTTG1, PYGB, RPP25, SCPEP1, SLC46A3, SNX7, TPBG, and XBP1.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the threshold is the median risk score for the training data.
8. The method of claim 2 , wherein determining a biomarker score indicative of a level of the biomarker comprises determining a scaled intensity score.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the biomarker score is based on the scaled intensity score which has been adjusted by subtracting an adjustment factor.
10. The method of claim 2 , wherein determining a score indicative of a level of the biomarker comprises awarding a first value when the level is above a threshold and a second value when the level is below the threshold.
11. The method of claim 2 , wherein determining a score indicative of a level of the biomarker comprises awarding a first value when the level is above an upper threshold, a second value when the level is below the upper threshold but above a lower threshold and a third value when the level is below the lower threshold.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reagents are nucleic acids.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lung cancer is non-small lung cancer (NSCLC).
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the NSCLC is selected from invasive adenocarcinoma (LUAD), squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), large cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, carcinosarcoma or large cell neuroendocrine.