Compositions comprising choline and omega-3 fatty acid to nutritionally enhance food products
Provided herein is a composition that includes choline or choline salt and omega-3 fatty acid for nutritionally enhancing a food product, as well as the resultant food products. The food product when nutritionally enhanced with the composition has an acceptable taste or acceptable odor or the food product has a peroxide value of less than 50 mEq. Methods of preparing the composition and food products are also are provided. As seen in the accompanying figure the discoveries outlined herein have resulted in an unprecedented level of organoleptic stability over time, with no significant change to key sensory parameters typically seen in products that contain high levels of choline and omega-3 fatty acids.
1. A nutritionally enhanced food composition that is ready for consumption and is fortified with a form of choline that provides between 0.75 mg/g and 5 mg/g free choline, between 0.25 mg/g and 5 mg/g omega-3 fatty acid, and an antioxidant,
wherein the nutritionally enhanced food composition is a fruit or vegetable preparation comprising no added protein,
the form of choline comprising a choline salt or phosphotidyl choline,
the omega-3 fatty acid comprising DHA in combination with ALA or EPA, and
the antioxidant selected from the group consisting of tocopherols, rosemary extract, and vitamin C, and
wherein the nutritionally enhanced food composition can be stored without refrigeration or freezing for at least 4 weeks.
2. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the peroxide value of the food composition is less than 50 mEq, less than 40 mEq, less than 35 mEq, less than 30 mEq, less than 25 mEq, less than 20 mEq, less than 15 mEq, less than 10 mEq, or less than 5 mEq.
3. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the form of choline comprises choline salt, and the omega-3 fatty acid comprises DHA and ALA.
4. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the nutritionally enhanced food composition comprises a probiotic or an active culture, optionally wherein the probiotic or active culture comprises Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc , or Bacillus.
5. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the form of choline comprises a choline salt at a concentration of up to 4 mg/g, up to 3.5 mg/g, up to 3 mg/g, up to 2.5 mg/g, up to 2 mg/g, up to 1.75 mg/g, up to 1.5 mg/g, up to 1.25 mg/g, and up to 1 mg/g.
6. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the omega-3 fatty acid is between 0.25 mg/g and 4 mg/g, between 0.25 mg/g and 3.5 mg/g, between 0.25 mg/g and 3 mg/g, between 0.25 mg/g and 2.5 mg/g, between 0.25 mg/g and 2 mg/g, between 0.25 mg/g and 1.75 mg/g, between 0.25 mg/g and 1.5 mg/g, between 0.25 mg/g and 1.25 mg/g, and between 0.25 mg/g and 1 mg/g.
7. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the choline salt is selected from the group consisting of choline acetate, choline bicarbonate, choline chloride, choline citrate, choline bitartrate, and choline lactate.
8. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the omega-3 fatty acid is encapsulated.
9. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the nutritionally enhanced food composition comprises iron.
10. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 9 , wherein the iron is encapsulated.
11. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the nutritionally enhanced food composition comprises a probiotic or an active culture, wherein the probiotic or active culture comprises Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc , or Bacillus.
12. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the choline comprises a choline salt at a concentration of between 0.75 mg/g and 2 mg/g.
13. The nutritionally enhanced food composition of claim 1 , wherein the omega-3 fatty acid comprises omega-3 fatty acid at a concentration of between 0.25 mg/g and 1 mg/g.