Nuclear power generation system and nuclear reactor unit
A nuclear power generation system includes a nuclear reactor that includes a reactor core fuel and a nuclear reactor vessel, the nuclear reactor vessel covering a surrounding of the reactor core fuel, shielding a space in which the reactor core fuel is present, and shielding radioactive rays; a heat conductive portion that is disposed in at least a part of the nuclear reactor vessel to transfer heat inside the nuclear reactor vessel to an outside by solid heat conduction; a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the heat conductive portion and a refrigerant; a refrigerant circulation unit that circulates the refrigerant passing through the heat exchanger; a turbine that is rotated by the refrigerant circulated by the refrigerant circulation unit; and a generator that rotates integrally with the turbine.
1 . A nuclear reactor unit, comprising:
a reactor core fuel;
a nuclear reactor vessel that
surrounds the reactor core fuel; and
shields a space located inside of the nuclear reactor vessel in which the reactor core fuel is present to shield radioactive rays; and
a heat conductor through which heat from the space is transferred to an outside of the nuclear reactor unit by solid heat conduction, wherein
the heat conductor includes a first heat conductor and a second heat conductor, wherein the second heat conductor has a higher thermal conductivity than a thermal conductivity of the first heat conductor,
the first heat conductor has:
a first face exposed to the inside of the nuclear reactor vessel and flush with an inner surface of the nuclear reactor vessel, the first face forming a part of the inner surface of the nuclear reactor vessel such that the heat conductor and the reactor vessel share the first face; and
a second face exposed to outside of the nuclear reactor vessel and flush with an outer surface of the nuclear reactor vessel, the second face forming a part of the outer surface of the nuclear reactor vessel such that the first heat conductor and the nuclear reactor vessel share the second face,
the second heat conductor is disposed outside the nuclear reactor vessel and is in contact with the second face of the first heat conductor,
the first and second heat conductors are both solid, and
the first heat conductor has a thickness equal to a thickness of the nuclear reactor vessel.
2 . The nuclear reactor unit according to claim 1 , wherein
the nuclear reactor vessel is formed of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the thermal conductivity of the first heat conductor.
3 . The nuclear reactor unit according to claim 1 , wherein the first heat conductor is formed of a material having a higher neutron shielding performance than a neutron shielding performance of the second heat conductor.
4 . The nuclear reactor unit according to claim 1 , further comprising a heat pipe that is disposed inside the nuclear reactor vessel, is partly in contact with the first heat conductor, and is filled with a heat medium.
5 . The nuclear reactor unit according to claim 1 , wherein
the first heat conductor includes graphite, and
the second heat conductor includes graphene.
6 . The nuclear reactor unit according to claim 1 , wherein the second heat conductor is formed of a material having an anisotropic thermal conductivity.
7 . The nuclear reactor unit according to claim 6 , wherein the material forming the second heat conductor includes graphene.
8 . A nuclear power generation system, comprising:
the nuclear reactor unit according to claim 1 ;
a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the heat conductor and a refrigerant;
a refrigerant circulation unit that circulates the refrigerant through the heat exchanger;
a turbine that is rotated by the refrigerant circulated by the refrigerant circulation unit; and
a generator coupled to the turbine.
9 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , wherein the second heat conductor is disposed between the first heat conductor and the refrigerant circulation unit.
10 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , wherein the first heat conductor is formed of a material having a higher neutron shielding performance than a neutron shielding performance of the second heat conductor.
11 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , wherein the second heat conductor is formed of a material having an anisotropic thermal conductivity.
12 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 11 , wherein the material forming the second heat conductor includes graphene.
13 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , wherein the second heat conductor has a cross-sectional area that decreases toward the heat exchanger.
14 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , further comprising a heat pipe that is disposed inside the nuclear reactor vessel, is partly in contact with the first heat conductor, and is filled with a heat medium.
15 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , wherein a part of the second heat conductor is inserted into the heat exchanger.
16 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , wherein the nuclear reactor vessel is formed of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the thermal conductivity of the first heat conductor.
17 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , further comprising a plurality of the heat conductors provided at a plurality of positions along the nuclear reactor vessel.
18 . The nuclear power generation system according to claim 8 , wherein
the nuclear reactor unit includes a control unit that controls reaction of the reactor core fuel, and
the heat conductor is disposed in a region of the nuclear power generation system that is different from a region of the nuclear power generation system in which the control unit is disposed.
19 . A nuclear reactor unit, comprising:
a reactor core fuel;
a nuclear reactor vessel surrounding the reactor core fuel; and
a heat conductor through which heat from inside of the nuclear reactor vessel is transferred to outside of the nuclear reactor unit by solid heat conduction, wherein
the heat conductor includes a first heat conductor and a second heat conductor, wherein the second heat conductor has a higher thermal conductivity than a thermal conductivity of the first heat conductor,
the nuclear reactor vessel has a through hole extending through an entire thickness of the nuclear reactor vessel,
the through hole is filled with the first heat conductor,
the first heat conductor has
a first face exposed to the inside of the nuclear reactor vessel and flush with an inner surface of the nuclear reactor vessel,
a second face exposed to outside of the nuclear reactor vessel and flush with an outer surface of the nuclear reactor vessel, and
the second heat conductor is disposed outside the nuclear reactor vessel and is in contact with the second face of the first heat conductor.
20 . The nuclear reactor unit according to claim 19 , wherein
the nuclear reactor vessel is formed of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the thermal conductivity of the first heat conductor.
21 . The nuclear reactor unit according to claim 19 , wherein
the first heat conductor includes graphite, and
the second heat conductor includes graphene.