Nozzle for water choking
A nozzle for controlling the flow of a water and/or gas component of a fluid produced from a hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir, the fluid comprising oil and water and/or gas, the nozzle comprising a fluid passage extending between an inlet and an outlet, wherein the fluid passage comprises an uneven surface for imparting turbulence to the water and/or gas component of the fluid.
1. A nozzle for controlling the flow of a water and/or gas component of a fluid comprising a mixture of oil and water and/or gas, into a pipe, the pipe having at least one port along its length, the nozzle being adapted to be located on the exterior of the pipe and adjacent one of the at least one port, the nozzle comprising:
a body having an inlet, an outlet, and a generally cylindrical fluid conveying passage extending between the inlet and outlet;
wherein the fluid conveying passage comprises:
an inlet portion proximal to the inlet and having a converging region with a reducing diameter in a direction from the inlet to the outlet;
an outlet portion proximal to the outlet and having a diverging region with an increasing diameter in a direction from the inlet to the outlet; and
a central section extending between the inlet portion and the outlet portion, the central section comprising a passage formed by a wall having an uneven surface.
2. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the uneven surface is wavy surface comprising a plurality of peaks and valleys.
3. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the uneven surface is a grooved surface comprising a plurality of planar ridges separated by grooves.
4. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the converging region of the inlet portion has a gradually reducing diameter.
5. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the converging region has a smooth wall.
6. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the diverging region of the outlet portion has a gradually increasing diameter.
7. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein the diverging region has a smooth wall.
8. The nozzle of claim 1 , wherein:
the inlet region has a diameter ranging from an inlet diameter D 1 to a reduced diameter D 2 ;
the outlet region has a diameter ranging from a diameter D 3 downstream of the central section to a diameter D 4 at the outlet;
and wherein D 1 is greater than D 2 and D 4 is greater than D 3 .
9. The nozzle of claim 8 , wherein diameter D 1 is greater than or equal to diameter D 4 .
10. An apparatus for controlling flow, from a subterranean reservoir, of a water and/or gas component, of a fluid comprising a mixture of oil and water and/or gas, the apparatus comprising a pipe having at least one port along its length, and at least one nozzle adapted to be located on the exterior of the pipe and adjacent one of the at least one port, the nozzle comprising:
a body having an inlet, an outlet, and a fluid conveying passage extending between the inlet and outlet;
wherein the fluid conveying passage comprises:
an inlet portion proximal to the inlet and having a converging region with a reducing diameter in a direction from the inlet to the outlet;
an outlet portion proximal to the outlet and having a diverging region with an increasing diameter in a direction from the inlet to the outlet; and
a central section extending between the inlet portion and the outlet portion, the central section comprising a passage formed by a wall having an uneven surface; and
the apparatus further comprising a means for locating the nozzle on the pipe adjacent the port.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the means for locating the nozzle comprises a clamp.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a sand screen and wherein the nozzle is positioned to receive fluids passing through the sand screen prior to entering the port.
13. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the uneven surface is wavy surface comprising a plurality of peaks and valleys.
14. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the uneven surface is a grooved surface comprising a plurality of planar ridges separated by grooves.
15. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the converging region of the inlet portion has a gradually reducing diameter.
16. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the converging region has a smooth wall.
17. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the diverging region of the outlet portion has a gradually increasing diameter.
18. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the diverging region has a smooth wall.
19. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein:
the inlet region has a diameter ranging from an inlet diameter D 1 to a reduced diameter D 2 ;
the outlet region has a diameter ranging from a diameter D 3 downstream of the central section to a diameter D 4 at the outlet;
and wherein D 1 is greater than D 2 and D 4 is greater than D 3 .
20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein diameter D 1 is greater than or equal to diameter D 4 .