Method of calibrating torque sensors of instrument drive units of a surgical robot

1. A method of calibrating a torque sensor of a plurality of torque sensors, each of the torque sensors paired with a motor of a plurality of motors housed in an instrument drive unit (IDU), the method comprising:

determining a gain of each torque sensor of the plurality of torque sensors, each torque sensor configured to measure torque of each motor of the plurality of motors;

zeroing a torque reading of each of the torque sensors when each of the motors is in an unloaded, unactivated condition;

accelerating each of the motors individually at a known rate in an unloaded condition while other motors in the IDU are in the unactivated condition; and

determining an inertia of each of the motors in response to acceleration; and

determining a cross talk torque of each of the torque sensors based on activation of each of the motors while other motors in the IDU are in the unactivated condition.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein determining the gain of each of the torque sensors includes interrogating a memory chip of the torque sensor.

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein accelerating each of the motors individually at the known rate includes measuring a position of each of the motors with a corresponding position sensor of a plurality of position sensors.

4. A method of calibrating torque sensors of, each torque sensor associated with a respective motor of a plurality of motors housed in an instrument drive unit (IDU), the method comprising:

determining a gain of each of the torque sensors;

zeroing a torque reading of each of the torque sensors when each of the motors is in an unloaded, unactivated condition;

determining an inertia of each of the motors including:

accelerating each of the motors at a known rate in an unloaded condition with each of the other motors in the IDU in an unloaded, unactivated condition;

measuring a torque of the respective motor with a torque sensor associated with the respective motor; and

determining the inertia of the respective motor from the measured torque and the known rate of acceleration; and

determining a cross talk torque of each of the torque sensors based on activation of each of the motors while other motors in the IDU are in the unactivated condition.

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein determining the gain of each of the torque sensors includes interrogating a memory chip of each of the torque sensors.

6. The method according to claim 4 , wherein accelerating the respective motor at the known rate includes measuring a position of the respective motor with a position sensor associated with the respective motor.

7. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising creating a cross talk matrix including a correction factor for each of the torque sensors for each of the motors of the IDU.

8. A method of calibrating torque sensors including a first torque sensor associated with a first motor, a second torque sensor associated with a second motor, a third torque sensor associated with a third motor, and a fourth torque sensor associated with a fourth motor, wherein the first, second, third, and fourth motors are housed in an instrument drive unit (IDU), the method comprising:

determining a gain of each of the first, second, third, and fourth torque sensors;

zeroing a torque reading of each of the first, second, third, and fourth torque sensors when each of the first, second, third, and fourth motors is in an unloaded, unactivated condition;

determining an inertia of the first motor including:

accelerating the first motor at a first known rate in an unloaded condition with each of the second, third, and fourth motors in an unloaded, unactivated condition;

measuring a torque of the first motor with the first torque sensor; and

determining the inertia of the first motor from the torque measured by the first torque sensor and the first known rate of acceleration;

determining an inertia of the second motor including:

accelerating the second motor at a second known rate in an unloaded condition with each of the first, third, and fourth motors in an unloaded, unactivated condition;

measuring a torque of the second motor with the second torque sensor; and

determining the inertia of the second motor from the torque measured by the second torque sensor and the second known rate of acceleration;

determining an inertia of the third motor including:

accelerating the third motor at a third known rate in an unloaded condition with each of the first, second, and fourth motors in an unloaded, unactivated condition;

measuring a torque of the third motor with the third torque sensor;

determining the inertia of the third motor from the torque measured by the third torque sensor and the third known rate of acceleration; and

determining an inertia of the fourth motor including:

accelerating the fourth motor at a fourth known rate in an unloaded condition with each of the first, second, and third motors in an unloaded, unactivated condition;

measuring a torque of the fourth motor with the fourth torque sensor;

determining the inertia of the fourth motor from the torque measured by the fourth torque sensor and the fourth known rate of acceleration; and

determining a cross talk torque of each of the first, second, third, and fourth torque sensors based on activation of each of the first, second, third, and fourth motors while other motors are in the unactivated condition.

9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein determining the inertia of the first motor includes determining a cross talk torque of the second, third, and fourth torque sensors in response to accelerating the first motor.

10. The method according claim 8 , wherein determining the gain of the first, second, third, and fourth torque sensors includes interrogating a memory chip of each of the first, second, third, and fourth torque sensors.

11. The method according claim 8 , wherein accelerating the first motor at the first known rate includes measuring a position of the first motor with a position sensor associated with the first motor.

12. The method according to claim 8 , wherein determining the inertia of the second motor includes determining a cross talk torque of the first, third, and fourth torque sensors in response to accelerating the second motor; wherein determining the inertia of the third motor includes determining a cross talk torque of the first, second, and fourth torque sensors in response to accelerating the third motor; and wherein determining the inertia of the fourth motor includes determining a cross talk torque of the first, second, and third torque sensors in response to accelerating the fourth motor.

13. The method according to claim 12 , further comprising creating a cross talk matrix including a correction factor for each of the first, second, third, and fourth torque sensors for torque from each of the first, second, third, and fourth motors.

14. The method according to claim 13 , further comprising utilizing the cross talk matrix during a surgical procedure to correct torque of at least one of the first, second, third, or fourth motors.