Use of cationic sugar-based compounds for microbial fouling control in a water system
Described herein are fouling control compositions including cationic alkyl polyglycosides to reduce microbial and/biofilm growth in a water system. The described compositions and methods of using the same are found to be more effective than those methods or compositions including commonly used single quaternary compounds for reducing microbial or biofilm growth in water systems.
1. A fouling control composition comprising:
a cationic alkyl polyglucoside having the structure
wherein n is 1-10, R 1 is a C 8 -C 18 alkyl, and R 2 is a C 8 -C 18 alkyl;
and from about 0.1 wt-% to about 10 wt. % of a paraffin inhibitor, from about 0.1 wt-% to about 20 wt. % of a scale inhibitor, from about 0.1 wt-% to about 10 wt. % of a demulsifier, and/or an antifoaming agent;
wherein the fouling control composition mitigates biofilm growth in the water system when present in an amount sufficient to provide about 250 ppm to about 1000 ppm of the cationic alkyl polyglucoside to the water system, relative to the same water system free of the cationic alkyl polyglucoside.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition further comprises an additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside, wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside comprises one or more glucose units and at least one cationic alkyl group R—Y, wherein R is an alkyl group and Y is a cationic group.
3. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside is one of
wherein R is an alkyl group; R is attached to at least one, more than one, or all the OH groups; and at least one R group contains a cationic group Y.
4. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside comprises two or more glucose units and the glucose units are connected by glycosidic bond, a non-glycosidic bond, a linker, or a combination thereof.
5. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside is one of
and has at least one cationic alkyl group R—Y, wherein R is a C 1 -C 30 alkyl, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of —NR 4 R 5 R 6(+) , wherein R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are independently CH 3 , —NR 4 R 5 R 6(+) , wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently CH 3 , and R 6 is a C 2 -C 12 aromatic alkyl, and —NR 4 R 5 R 6(+) , wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently CH 3 , and R 6 is —CH 2 —C 6 H 6 , and wherein the counter ion for the cationic group Y is chloride, bromide, fluoride, iodide, acetate, aluminate, cyanate, cyanide, dihydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphite, formate, hydrogen carbonate, hydrogen oxalate, hydrogen sulfate, hydroxide, nitrate, nitrite, thiocyanate, or a combination thereof.
6. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside comprises one cationic alkyl group R—Y, two cationic alkyl groups R—Y, or three or more cationic alkyl groups R—Y.
7. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside further comprises one or more nonionic alkyl groups R 3 , wherein R 3 is: an unsubstituted, linear, and saturated C 1 -C 20 alkylene group; an unsubstituted, linear, and unsaturated C 1 -C 20 alkylene group; a linear C 8 -C 18 alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl group; or a branched C 8 -C 20 alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl group.
8. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the fouling control composition comprises a mixture of two or more additional cationic alkyl polyglucosides.
9. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside has an average molecular weight of from about 200 to about 5,500 Da.
10. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside is
wherein n is 1-10, R 1 is a C 10 -C 18 alkyl, and R 2 is a C 10 -C 18 alkyl.
11. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the additional cationic alkyl polyglucoside is soluble or dispersible in water.
12. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition comprises a carrier, wherein the carrier is water, an organic solvent, or a mixture thereof.
13. The composition according to claim 12 , wherein the organic solvent is an alcohol, a hydrocarbon, a ketone, an ether, an alkylene glycol, a glycol ether, an amide, a nitrile, a sulfoxide, an ester, or any combination thereof, or wherein the organic solvent is an alcohol, an alkylene glycol, an alkyleneglycol alkyl ether, or a combination thereof.
14. The composition according to claim 13 , wherein the organic solvent is methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, monoethyleneglycol, ethyleneglycol monobutyl ether, 2-ethylhexanol, hexanol, octanol, decanol, 2-butoxyethanol, methylene glycol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, diethyleneglycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, heptane, decane, dodecane, diesel, toluene, xylene, heavy aromatic naphtha, cyclohexanone, diisobutylketone, diethyl ether, propylene carbonate, N-methylpyrrolidinone, N,N-dimethylformamide, a mixture thereof with water, or any combination thereof.
15. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition further comprises one or more corrosion inhibitors, and wherein the corrosion inhibitor is an imidazoline compound, a pyridinium compound, or a combination thereof.
16. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition further comprises one or more fouling control agents, wherein the one or more fouling control agents is a single quaternary compound, an oxidizing biocide, and/or a hydrogen sulfide scavenger, wherein the oxidizing biocide is chlorine, hypochlorite, ClO 2 , bromine, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, peroxycarboxylic acid, peroxycarboxylic acid composition, peroxysulphate, or any combination thereof, and wherein the hydrogen sulfide scavenger is an inorganic peroxide and/or a C 1 -C 10 aldehyde.
17. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition further comprises a preservative and optionally an acid and wherein the fouling control composition comprises from about 1 wt-% to about 20 wt-% of the acid, and wherein the acid is hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, citric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, or a mixture thereof.
18. The composition according to claim 16 , wherein the hydrogen sulfide scavenger is a sodium peroxide, chlorine dioxide, formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, acrolein, methacrolein, or a mixture thereof.
19. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition further comprises a surfactant, wherein the surfactant is a nonionic, semi-nonionic, cationic, anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic, Gemini, di-cationic, di-anionic surfactant, or mixtures thereof.
20. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition further comprises an asphaltene inhibitor, a gas hydrate inhibitor, a pH modifier, an emulsion breaker, reverse emulsion breaker, coagulant/flocculant agent, an emulsifier, a water clarifier, a dispersant, antioxidant, polymer A degradation prevention agent, permeability modifier, foaming agent, scavenger agent for CO 2 , and/or O 2 , gelling agent, lubricant, friction reducing agent, salt, or a mixture thereof.
21. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition is a liquid, gel, or a mixture comprising liquid/gel and solid, and wherein the fouling control composition or a use solution thereof has a pH of from about 2 to about 11.
22. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control composition mitigates biofilm growth in the water system when present in an amount sufficient to provide about 125 ppm to about 1000 ppm of the cationic alkyl polyglucoside to the water system, relative to the same water system free of the cationic alkyl polyglucoside.
23. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the fouling control A composition further comprises an hydrogen sulfide scavenger, and wherein the hydrogen sulfide scavenger is an oxidant, an inorganic peroxide, a C 1 -C 10 aldehyde, a triazine, monoethanolamine triazine, monomethylamine triazine, or a mixture thereof.