Hierarchical provisioning of network devices
Automated techniques for converting network devices from a Layer 2 (L2) network into a Layer 3 (L3) network in a hierarchical manner are described herein. The network devices may be configured to boot such that their ports are in an initialization mode in which the ports are unable to transmit locally generated DHCP packets. When a network device detects that a neighbor (or “peer”) device has acquired an IP address or has been configured by a network controller, then the port on which the neighbor device is detected can then be transitioned from the initialization mode into a forwarding mode. In the forwarding mode, the port can be used to transmit packets to obtain an IP address. Thus, the network devices are converted from an L2 device to an L3 device in a hierarchical order such that upstream devices are discovered and converted into L3 devices before downstream devices.
1. A method for automated device deployment in a hierarchical order in a network of devices, the method comprising:
booting up a first network device;
causing ports of the first network device to enter an initialization mode, wherein the ports are unable to transmit locally generated Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) packets in the initialization mode;
determining that a second network device has at least one of (i) been given a first Internet Protocol (IP) address or (ii) has been configured by a controller associated with the network, wherein the second network device is upstream from the first network device in the network;
causing a first port of the ports to enter a forwarding mode in which the first port is able to transmit DHCP packets to the second network device;
transmitting, from the first network device and using the first port, one or more first DHCP packets to prompt a server to offer the first network device a second IP address; and
receiving, at the first network device, one or more second DHCP packets that include the second IP address given to the first network device.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
using the second IP address, sending, from the first network device, a request to the controller to be configured; and
receiving, at the first network device, configuration data usable to configure the first network device.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first network device is booted up into an automatic-device deployment configuration, further comprising, based on being configured using the configuration data, transitioning from the automatic-device deployment configuration into a default-run configuration.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
subsequent to causing the ports to enter into the initialization mode, setting a timer for a period of time; and
based at least in part on an end of the period of time, transitioning a second port of the ports from the initialization mode into the forwarding mode.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
detecting, using a layer-2 (L2) discovery protocol and via a second port of the ports, a third network device;
determining that the third network device does not have a respective IP address or has not been configured by the controller; and
causing the second port to enter a block mode in which the second port is unable to transmit DHCP packets to the third network device.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:
detecting, via the second port, an L2 discovery message transmitted from the third network device; and
causing the second port to enter the forwarding mode in which the second port is usable to transmit packets to the third network device.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the network comprises a local area network (LAN);
the first network device comprises a first switch in the LAN; and
the second network device comprises a second switch that is upstream from the first switch in the LAN.
8. A first network device comprising:
one or more processors; and
one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
causing ports of the first network device to enter an initialization mode, wherein the ports are unable to transmit locally generated Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) packets in the initialization mode;
determining that a second network device has at least one of (i) been given a first Internet Protocol (IP) address or (ii) has been configured by a controller associated with a network in which the first network device and second network device are located, wherein the second network device is upstream from the first network device in the network;
causing a first port of the ports to enter a forwarding mode in which the first port is able to transmit DHCP packets to the second network device;
transmitting, from the first network device and using the first port, one or more first DHCP packets to prompt a server to offer the first network device a second IP address; and
receiving, at the first network device, one or more second DHCP packets that include the second IP address given to the first network device.
9. The first network device of claim 8 , the operations further comprising:
using the second IP address, sending, from the first network device, a request to the controller to be configured; and
receiving, at the first network device, configuration data usable to configure the first network device.
10. The first network device of claim 9 , wherein the first network device is booted up into an automatic-device deployment configuration, the operations further comprising, based on being configured using the configuration data, transitioning from the automatic-device deployment configuration into a default-run configuration.
11. The first network device of claim 8 , the operations further comprising:
subsequent to causing the ports to enter into the initialization mode, setting a timer for a period of time; and
based at least in part on an end of the period of time, transitioning a second port of the ports from the initialization mode into the forwarding mode.
12. The first network device of claim 8 , the operations further comprising:
detecting, using a layer-2 (L2) discovery protocol and via a second port of the ports, a third network device;
determining that the third network device does not have a respective IP address or has not been configured by the controller; and
causing the second port to enter a block mode in which the second port is unable to transmit DHCP packets to the third network device.
13. The first network device of claim 12 , the operations further comprising:
detecting, via the second port, an L2 discovery message transmitted from the third network device; and
causing the second port to enter the forwarding mode in which the second port is usable to transmit packets to the third network device.
14. The first network device of claim 8 , wherein:
the network comprises a local area network (LAN);
the first network device comprises a first switch in the LAN; and
the second network device comprises a second switch that is upstream from the first switch in the LAN.
15. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
causing ports of a first network device to enter an initialization mode, wherein the ports are unable to transmit locally generated Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) packets in the initialization mode;
determining that a second network device has at least one of (i) been given a first Internet Protocol (IP) address or (ii) has been configured by a controller associated with a network in which the first network device and second network device are located, wherein the second network device is upstream from the first network device in the network;
causing a first port of the ports to enter a forwarding mode in which the first port is able to transmit DHCP packets to the second network device;
transmitting, from the first network device and using the first port, one or more first DHCP packets to prompt a server to offer the first network device a second IP address; and
receiving, at the first network device, one or more second DHCP packets that include the second IP address given to the first network device.
16. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15 , the operations further comprising:
using the second IP address, sending, from the first network device, a request to the controller to be configured; and
receiving, at the first network device, configuration data usable to configure the first network device.
17. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 16 , wherein the first network device is booted up into an automatic-device deployment configuration, the operations further comprising, based on being configured using the configuration data, transitioning from the automatic-device deployment configuration into a default-run configuration.
18. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15 , the operations further comprising:
subsequent to causing the ports to enter into the initialization mode, setting a timer for a period of time; and
based at least in part on an end of the period of time, transitioning a second port of the ports from the initialization mode into the forwarding mode.
19. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15 , the operations further comprising:
detecting, using a layer-2 (L2) discovery protocol and via a second port of the ports, a third network device;
determining that the third network device does not have a respective IP address or has not been configured by the controller; and
causing the second port to enter a block mode in which the second port is unable to transmit DHCP packets to the third network device.
20. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 19 , the operations further comprising:
detecting, via the second port, an L2 discovery message transmitted from the third network device; and
causing the second port to enter the forwarding mode in which the second port is usable to transmit packets to the third network device.