Uterine manipulator with neutral return electrode

1. A uterine manipulator comprising:

an elongate shaft including a distal portion configured to be inserted into a uterus through a lumen of a cervix; and

a colpotomy cup coupled to the elongate shaft and comprising an outer wall portion, a base portion, and a protrusion extending distally away from the base portion,

wherein:

the protrusion is configured to be inserted into the lumen of the cervix;

the protrusion includes a return electrode that is configured to be electrically connected to an electrosurgical generator, to receive an electrical signal from an active electrode via the cervix, and to return the electrical signal to the electrosurgical generator; and

the elongate shaft is configured to pass through the protrusion.

2. The uterine manipulator of claim 1 , wherein the return electrode is configured for use with the electrosurgical generator to sense when the elongate shaft is located in a treatment position.

3. The uterine manipulator of claim 1 , wherein the return electrode is a split return electrode that comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, and wherein the second electrode is located proximal of the first electrode.

4. The uterine manipulator of claim 1 , wherein the return electrode is a split return electrode that comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, and wherein the first electrode has a first surface area and the second electrode has a second surface area, wherein the first surface area is larger than the second surface area.

5. The uterine manipulator of claim 1 , wherein the return electrode is a split return electrode that comprises a first electrode located distal of a second electrode, and wherein the first electrode has a first longitudinal length extending along a longitudinal path of the elongate shaft, and wherein the second electrode has a second longitudinal length extending along the longitudinal path, and wherein the first longitudinal length is greater than the second longitudinal length.

6. The uterine manipulator of claim 1 , further comprising a cutting device including the active electrode, the cutting device configured to be electrically connected to the electrosurgical generator.

7. The uterine manipulator of claim 6 , wherein the colpotomy cup is configured to be delivered vaginally to delineate a first surface of a target tissue and the cutting device is configured to be delivered laparoscopically to a second surface of the target tissue opposite the first surface.

8. The uterine manipulator of claim 6 , wherein the colpotomy cup is configured to be delivered vaginally to delineate a target tissue and the cutting device is coupled to the colpotomy cup and is actuatable to move along a periphery of the colpotomy cup to treat the target tissue.

9. A tissue resection system comprising:

a uterine manipulator including an elongate shaft having a distal portion configured to be inserted into a uterus through a lumen of a cervix;

a colpotomy cup coupled to the elongate shaft, the colpotomy cup configured to be positioned in-situ around a cervix, wherein a distal portion of the colpotomy cup is configured to delineate a target tissue to be treated, the colpotomy cup having a protrusion extending distally away from a base portion thereof, wherein the elongate shaft passes through the protrusion and the protrusion comprises a split return electrode comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, the split return electrode configured to be electrically connected to an electrosurgical generator; and

a cutting device including an active electrode to treat the target tissue, the cutting device configured to be electrically connected to an output of the electrosurgical generator.

10. The tissue resection system of claim 9 , wherein the colpotomy cup is configured to be delivered vaginally to a first surface of the target tissue and the cutting device is configured to be delivered laparoscopically to a second surface of the target tissue opposite the first surface.

11. The tissue resection system of claim 9 , wherein the cutting device is coupled to the colpotomy cup and is actuatable to move along a periphery of the colpotomy cup to treat the target tissue.

12. The tissue resection system of claim 9 , further comprising the electrosurgical generator, wherein the electrosurgical generator is configured to:

issue a monitoring signal to the split return electrode; and

receive at least a portion of the issued monitoring signal from the split return electrode; and

a controller configured to:

monitor an electrical property of the split return electrode based on the issued monitoring signal and the received at least a portion of the issued monitoring signal to determine if a threshold has been traversed; and

based at least in part on the threshold being traversed, permitting delivery of therapeutic energy to the active electrode.