Method for alleviating keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Improved methods and compositions are disclosed for treating dry eye by administering intranasally a therapeutically effective amount of a capsaicinoid compound embedded in multiple layers of solid lamellar crystals of monoglycerides to patients with deficient tear production. The lipophilic capsaicinoid drug is embedded in multiple layers of solid lamellar crystals of monoglycerides, and these crystals are incorporated into pharmaceutically acceptable vehicles comprised of solutions, suspensions, foams, creams, ointments, and gels. The resulting formulations of the capsaicinoid are suitable for application to the nasal mucosa or skin and are more stable, less irritating to skin and mucous membranes, and provide increased and more controlled release of the capsaicinoid compound.
1. A composition suitable for intranasal or topical application to a skin or mucous membrane of a mammal comprising:
a capsaicinoid compound encapsulated in lamellar crystals of a monoglyceride; and
pharmaceutically acceptable excipients;
wherein the capsaicinoid compound is present in the composition in a range of about 0.001% to about 1%.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the monoglyceride comprises a fatty acid with a 4 to 28 carbon atom chain.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the monoglyceride has a melting point of about 25° C. to about 65° C.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises two or more monoglycerides.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the monoglyceride is selected from the group consisting of: 1-glyceryl monolaurate, 1-glyceryl monomyristate, and combinations thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the capsaicinoid compound is present in the composition in a range of about 0.001% by weight to about 5% by weight.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said capsaicinoid compound is selected from the group consisting of capsaicin, civamide, acetylated derivatives of capsaicin and civamide, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the above.
8. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the fatty acid is a saturated fatty acid.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the capsaicinoid compound is present in the composition in a range of about 0.01% to about 1%.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the capsaicinoid compound is embedded in multiple layers of solid lamellar crystals of monoglycerides from 40-100 Å thick.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the monoglyceride is present in the composition in a weight ratio with the capsaicinoid compound of about 100:1 to about 30:1.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the capsaicinoid compound is present in the composition in a range of about 0.1% to about 0.01%.
13. A method of making a composition for treating keratoconjunctivitis sicca comprising the steps of:
adding a capsaicinoid compound and a monoglyceride to water to form a mixture;
mixing and heating the mixture at least to the melting point of the monoglyceride;
cooling the mixture to cause crystallization of the monoglyceride and encapsulation of the capsaicinoid compound in monoglyceride crystals;
wherein the capsaicinoid compound is present in the composition in a range of about 0.001% to about 1%.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the mixture is heated to about 65° C. to about 100° C.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the steps of adding, mixing, and cooling are performed in an inert atmosphere.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the monoglyceride is added in an amount of about 10 to about 50% by weight.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein prior to mixing and heating water is present in an amount of 50% to 90%.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the capsaicinoid compound is embedded in multiple layers of solid lamellar crystals of monoglycerides from 40-100 Å thick.
19. The method of claim 13 , wherein the capsaicinoid compound is present in the composition in a range of about 0.1% to about 0.01%.
20. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the capsaicinoid compound is encapsulated in an envelope of lamellar crystals of the monoglyceride.