Low-color scratch-resistant articles with a multilayer optical film
Embodiments of this disclosure pertain to articles that exhibit scratch-resistance and improved optical properties. In some examples, the article exhibits a color shift of about 2 or less, when viewed at an incident illumination angle in the range from about 0 degrees to about 60 degrees from normal under an illuminant. In one or more embodiments, the articles include a substrate, and an optical film disposed on the substrate. The optical film includes a scratch-resistant layer and an optical interference layer. The optical interference layer may include one or more sub-layers that exhibit different refractive indices. In one example, the optical interference layer includes a first low refractive index sub-layer and a second a second high refractive index sub-layer. In some instances, the optical interference layer may include a third sub-layer.
1. A cover article comprising:
a substrate having a surface;
an optical film disposed on the substrate surface forming a coated surface, the optical film comprising a scratch-resistant layer and an optical interference layer disposed between the scratch-resistant layer and the substrate, the optical interference layer comprises a physical thickness from about 50 nm to about 800 nm;
wherein the optical interference layer comprises a first low refractive index (RI) sub-layer and a second high refractive index (RI) sub-layer;
wherein the first low RI sub-layer comprises silicon-containing oxide disposed on the substrate surface, and a physical thickness from 12 nm to about 135 nm;
wherein the second high RI sub-layer comprises a silicon-containing nitride or a silicon-containing oxynitride; and,
wherein the scratch resistant layer comprises a silicon-containing nitride, a silicon-containing oxynitride or Si u Al v O x N y , and a physical thickness of from 0.1 micrometres to 3 micrometres.
2. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the first low RI sub-layer comprises a contiguous and uninterrupted sub-layer of SiO 2 that is disposed in direct contact with the substrate surface.
3. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the first low RI sub-layer has a refractive index from about 1.4 to about 1.5, as measured from about 380 nm to about 750 nm.
4. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the difference between a refractive index of the first low RI sub-layer and a refractive index of the second high RI sub-layer is 0.01 or greater.
5. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the cover article comprises a maximum hardness of 8 GPa or greater, as measured by a Berkovich Indenter Hardness Test along indentation depths of about 100 nm or greater.
6. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the optical interference layer comprises a physical thickness of (1) from about 50 nm to about 300 nm, (2) from about 50 nm to about 450 nm, or (3) from 50 nm to about 500 nm.
7. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the second high RI sub-layer comprises an optical thickness (n*d) in the range from about 2 nm to about 200 nm where n is the refractive index and d is the physical thickness of the second high RI sub-layer.
8. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a glass selected from the group consisting of soda lime glass, alkali aluminosilicate glass, alkali containing borosilicate glass and alkali aluminoborosilicate glass.
9. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a crystalline substrate, or a glass ceramic substrate.
10. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the cover article further comprises a color shift of 2 or less, when viewed at at least one incident illumination angle in the range from about 5 degrees to about 60 degrees from normal incidence under an illuminant comprising CIE A illuminants, CIE B illuminants, CIE C illuminants, CIE D illuminants or CIE F illuminants, and
further wherein color shift is determined by the equation √((a* 2 −a* 1 ) 2 +(b* 2 −b* 1 ) 2 ), where a* 1 and b* 1 are coordinates of the article when viewed at normal incidence and a* 2 and b* 2 are coordinates of the article viewed at the at least one incident illumination angle, and wherein the coordinates of the article when viewed at normal incidence and at the at least one incident illumination angle are both in transmittance or reflectance.
11. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein:
the silicon-containing oxide comprises SiO 2 ; or SiO,
the silicon-containing nitride comprises Si 3 N 4 , and
the silicon-containing oxynitride comprises Si u Al v O x N y or SiO x N y .
12. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the cover article is part of a smart phone, a mobile phone, a tablet, a computer, or a navigation system.
13. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the optical interference layer further comprises a third sub-layer which has (1) a same RI as the first low RI sub-layer; (2) a same RI as the second high RI sub-layer, or (3) a medium RI that is between the RI of the first low RI sub-layer and the RI of the second high RI sub-layer.
14. The cover article of claim 1 , further comprises:
a capping layer disposed on the scratch-resistant layer, the capping layer comprises a contiguous and uninterrupted sub-layer of SiO 2 , and a physical thickness of from 0 to 100 nm.
15. The cover article of claim 1 , further comprises:
a capping layer disposed on the scratch-resistant layer, the capping layer comprises two or more materials or two or more sub-layers.
16. The cover article of claim 15 , wherein the two or more sub-layers of the capping layer have different refractive indices and include layers with high refractive indices (H) and low refractive indices (L) where the high refractive indices (H) and the low refractive indices (L) are with respect to one another.
17. The cover article of claim 16 , wherein the two or more sub-layers of the capping layer are arranged so that high and low refractive index sub-layers alternate.
18. The cover article of claim 17 , wherein the two or more sub-layers of the capping layer have a thickness each or combined in the range from about 4 nm to about 50 nm.
19. The cover article of claim 15 , wherein the capping layer includes a silane-based low-friction sub-layer having a thickness in the range from about 0.1 nm to about 20 nm, disposed on underlying sub-layers of the capping layer.
20. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the cover article further comprises a crack mitigating layer.
21. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the cover article further comprises a color shift of 2 or less, when viewed at each of the incident illumination angles in the range from about 5 degrees to about 45 degrees from normal incidence under an illuminant comprising CIE A illuminants, CIE B illuminants, CIE C illuminants, CIE D illuminants or CIE F illuminants, and
further wherein color shift is determined by the equation √((a* 2 −a* 1 ) 2 +(b* 2 −b* 1 ) 2 ), where a* 1 and b* 1 are coordinates of the article when viewed at normal incidence and a* 2 and b* 2 are coordinates of the article viewed at each of the incident illumination angles, and wherein the coordinates of the article when viewed at normal incidence and at each of the incident illumination angles are both in transmittance or reflectance.
22. The cover article of claim 1 , wherein the cover article further comprises a color shift of 2 or less, when viewed at each of the incident illumination angles in the range from about 5 degrees to about 60 degrees from normal incidence under an illuminant comprising CIE A illuminants, CIE B illuminants, CIE C illuminants, CIE D illuminants or CIE F illuminants, and
further wherein color shift is determined by the equation √((a* 2 −a* 1 ) 2 +(b* 2 −b* 1 ) 2 ), where a* 1 and b* 1 are coordinates of the article when viewed at normal incidence and a* 2 and b* 2 are coordinates of the article viewed at each of the incident illumination angles, and wherein the coordinates of the article when viewed at normal incidence and at each of the incident illumination angles are both in transmittance or reflectance.
23. A device comprising:
a cover article, the cover article comprising a substrate having a surface, and an optical film disposed on the substrate surface forming a coated surface, the optical film comprising a scratch-resistant layer and an optical interference layer disposed between the scratch-resistant layer and the substrate, the optical interference layer comprises a physical thickness from about 50 nm to about 800 nm,
wherein the optical interference layer comprises a first low refractive index (RI) sub-layer and a second high refractive index (RI) sub-layer,
wherein the first low RI sub-layer comprises SiO 2 disposed in direct contact with the substrate surface and has a refractive index from about 1.4 to about 1.5, as measured from about 380 nm to about 750 nm, and a physical thickness from 12 nm to about 135 nm,
wherein the cover article comprises a maximum hardness of 8 GPa or greater, as measured by a Berkovich Indenter Hardness Test along indentation depths of about 100 nm or greater, and
further wherein the scratch-resistant layer comprises a silicon-containing oxynitride or Si u Al v O x N y .
24. The device of claim 23 , wherein the optical film comprises a total of eight (8) or less of the scratch-resistant layer and the sub-layers of the optical interference layer.
25. The cover article of claim 23 , wherein the optical interference layer comprises a plurality of sub-layer sets, and wherein each sub-layer set comprises an alternating first low RI sub-layer and second high RI sub-layer.
26. The cover article of claim 25 , wherein the scratch-resistant layer and the second high RI sub-layers both comprise a silicon-containing oxynitride, and wherein the scratch-resistant layer has a physical thickness that is greater than a physical thickness of each of the second high RI sub-layers.
27. A device comprising:
a cover article, the cover article comprising a substrate having a surface, and an optical film disposed on the substrate surface forming a coated surface, the optical film comprising a scratch-resistant layer and an optical interference layer, wherein the optical interference layer comprises a physical thickness of 800 nm or less;
wherein the optical interference layer comprises a first low refractive index (RI) sub-layer and a second high refractive index (RI) sub-layer, wherein the difference between the refractive index of the first low RI sub-layer and the refractive index of the second high RI sub-layer is 0.01 or greater;
wherein the cover article comprises an average hardness of 8 GPa or greater, as measured by a Berkovich Indenter Hardness Test along indentation depths of 100 nm or greater;
the scratch-resistant layer comprises one or more of AlN, Si 3 N 4 , AlO x N y , SiO x N y , Al 2 O 3 , Si x C y , Si x O y C z , ZrO 2 , TiO x N y , diamond, diamond-like carbon, and Si u Al v O x N y and a physical thickness of from 0.1 micrometres to 3 micrometres; and
the cover article comprises a color shift of 2 or less, when viewed at at least one incident illumination angle in the range from 5 degrees to 60 degrees from normal incidence under an illuminant comprising CIE A illuminants, CIE B illuminants CIE C illuminants, CIE D illuminants or CIE F illuminants, and further wherein color shift is determined by the equation √((a* 2 −a* 1 ) 2 +(b* 2 −b* 1 ) 2 ), where a* 1 and b* 1 are coordinates of the article when viewed at normal incidence and a* 2 , and b* 2 are coordinates of the article viewed at the at least one incident illumination angle, and wherein the coordinates of the article when viewed at normal incidence and at the at least one incident illumination angle are both in transmittance or reflectance.