Rubber with backbone and end-group functionalization
Novel functionalized rubbers having low hysteresis and good compatibility with fillers, such as carbon black and silica, have been synthesized. These functionalized rubbers, including functionalized polybutadiene rubber and functionalized styrene-butadiene rubber, can be beneficially used in making a wide variety of rubber products that have enhanced physical properties. These improved properties are realized because the functional groups therein improve compatibility with reinforcing fillers that are typically included in such rubber compounds. These functionalized rubbers are comprised of polymer chains of the structural formula: wherein Polydiene represents a polymer chain which is comprised of at least one diene monomer and wherein R 1 and R 2 can be the same or different and represent alkyl groups containing form 1 to 8 carbon atoms. These rubbers can also be functionally terminated with a silicon containing terminator.
1. A functionalized rubber which is comprised of polymer chains of the structural formula:
wherein Polydiene represents a polymer chain which is comprised repeat units of at least one diene monomer and wherein R 1 and R 2 can be the same or different and represent alkyl groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or moieties of the formula:
wherein R 3 represents alkyl groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
2. The functionalized rubber of claim 1 wherein R 1 and R 2 represent alkyl groups containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
3. The functionalized rubber of claim 2 wherein the Polydiene chains are polybutadiene rubber chains or styrene-butadiene rubber chains.
4. The functionalized rubber of claim 1 wherein at least one of R 1 and R 2 represents moieties of the formula:
wherein R 3 represents an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
5. The functionalized rubber of claim 3 wherein at least one of R 1 and R 2 represents an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
6. The functionalized rubber of claim 5 wherein the Polydiene chains are polybutadiene rubber chains or styrene-butadiene rubber chains.
7. The functionalized rubber of claim 1 wherein the functionalized rubber exhibits essentially no Mooney creep upon storage at ambient temperature after a period of 2 weeks.
8. A pneumatic tire which is comprised of a generally toroidal-shaped supporting carcass with an outer circumferential tread, two spaced beads, at least one ply extending from bead to bead, sidewalls extending radially from and connecting said tread to said beads, wherein said circumferential tread is adapted to be ground-contacting, and wherein the tread and/or the sidewalls of the tire are comprised of the functionalized rubber as specified in claim 1 .
9. The functionalized rubber of claim 1 wherein the Polydiene is a copolymer of 1,3-butadiene and a vinyl aromatic monomer containing from 50 weight percent to 95 weight percent of the 1,3-butadiene and from 5 weight percent to 50 weight percent of the vinyl aromatic monomer.
10. The functionalized rubber of claim 9 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is styrene.
11. The functionalized rubber of claim 9 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is α-methylstyrene.
12. The functionalized rubber of claim 9 wherein the vinyl aromatic monomer is 1-vinylnaphthalene.
13. The functionalized rubber of claim 1 wherein Polydiene is a polyisoprene rubber.
14. The functionalized rubber of claim 1 wherein Polydiene is a styrene-isoprene-butadiene rubber.
15. The functionalized rubber of claim 1 wherein Polydiene is an isoprene-butadiene rubber.
16. The functionalized rubber of claim 2 wherein the Polydiene chains are styrene-butadiene rubber chains containing 15 weight percent to 40 weight percent bound styrene and 60 weight percent to 85 weight percent bound 1,3-butadiene.
17. The functionalized rubber of claim 2 wherein the Polydiene chains are styrene-butadiene rubber chains containing 18 weight percent to 24 weight percent bound styrene and 76 weight percent to 82 weight percent bound 1,3-butadiene.
18. The functionalized rubber of claim 2 wherein the Polydiene chains are styrene-butadiene rubber chains containing 24 weight percent to 32 weight percent bound styrene and 68 weight percent to 76 weight percent bound 1,3-butadiene.
19. The functionalized rubber of claim 2 wherein the Polydiene chains are styrene-butadiene rubber chains containing 32 weight percent to 40 weight percent bound styrene and 60 weight percent to 68 weight percent bound 1,3-butadiene.
20. A pneumatic tire which is comprised of a generally toroidal-shaped supporting carcass with an outer circumferential tread, two spaced beads, at least one ply extending from bead to bead, sidewalls extending radially from and connecting said tread to said beads, wherein said circumferential tread is adapted to be ground-contacting, and wherein the tread and/or the sidewalls of the tire are comprised of the functionalized rubber as specified in claim 10 .