Flat panel registration fixture and method of using same
A registration fixture for use with a surgical navigation system for registration of medical images to a three-dimensional tracking space includes a base frame adapted to be mounted over a flat panel detector of an x-ray medical imaging device, and a side frame having optical tracking markers mounted to the base frame. The base frame includes a first set of radiopaque markers embedded therein in a first predetermined pattern and arranged on a plane, and a second set of radiopaque markers embedded therein in a second predetermined pattern also arranged on another plane, which is spaced from the first set of radiopaque markers. The side frame has a plurality of optical tracking markers and is configured to detachably mount to the base frame without piercing a sterilizing drape to be interposed between the base frame and the side frame.
1. A registration fixture for use with a surgical navigation system for registration of medical images to a three-dimensional tracking space comprising:
a base frame adapted to be mounted to an x-ray medical imaging device;
a plate attached to the base frame, the plate having a first set of radiopaque markers embedded therein in a first predetermined pattern and a second set of radiopaque markers embedded therein in a second predetermined pattern;
the first set of markers including a plurality of non-uniformly arranged markers lying on a first circle;
the second set of markers including a plurality of uniformly arranged markers lying on a second circle different than the first circle.
2. The registration fixture of claim 1 , wherein:
the first set of markers are arranged in a first plane;
the second set of markers are arranged in a second plane offset from the first plane.
3. The registration fixture of claim 1 , wherein the first circle is smaller in diameter than the second circle.
4. The registration fixture of claim 1 , wherein the first set of markers include a plurality of subsets of markers with each subset of markers and a corresponding marker in the first circle lying on an imaginary line from the center of the first circle.
5. The registration fixture of claim 4 , wherein each subset of markers includes at least two markers that are positioned outside of the second circle.
6. The registration fixture of claim 5 , wherein the number of markers of the first set and the second set is the same.
7. The registration fixture of claim 6 , wherein the number of markers of the first set and the second set is each 24.
8. The registration fixture of claim 1 , wherein the plate includes:
an orientation plate having the first set of markers embedded therein; and
a registration plate having the second set of markers embedded therein, the orientation and registration plates being spaced from and parallel to each other.
9. The registration fixture of claim 8 , wherein the spacing between the orientation plate and the registration plate ranges between 25 mm and 50 mm.
10. The registration fixture of claim 1 , further comprising a side frame having a plurality of optical tracking markers and adapted to detachably mount to the base frame.
11. A registration fixture for use with a surgical navigation system for registration of medical images to a three-dimensional tracking space comprising:
a base frame adapted to be mounted to an x-ray medical imaging device;
an orientation plate attached to the base frame and having a first set of non-uniformly arranged radiopaque markers lying on a first circle;
a registration plate attached to the base frame and having a second set of uniformly arranged radiopaque markers lying on a second circle larger than the first circle, the second circle being to the first circle and the orientation plate and registration plates being spaced from each other; and
a side frame having a plurality of optical tracking markers and adapted to detachably mount to the base frame without piercing a sterilizing drape to be interposed between the base frame and the side frame.
12. The registration fixture of claim 11 , wherein the first set of markers include a plurality of subsets of markers with each subset of markers and a corresponding marker in the first circle lying on an imaginary line from the center of the first circle.
13. The registration fixture of claim 12 , wherein each subset of markers includes at least two markers that extend radially outwardly from the second circle.
14. The registration fixture of claim 11 , wherein the number of markers of the first set and the second set is the same.
15. The registration fixture of claim 14 , wherein the number of markers of the first set and the second set is each 24.
16. The registration fixture of claim 15 , wherein all of the markers in the second set lie on the second circle.
17. The registration fixture of claim 12 , wherein all of the markers in the second set lie on the second circle.
18. The registration fixture of claim 11 , wherein the orientation plate and the registration plate are parallel to each other.
19. The registration fixture of claim 18 , wherein the spacing between the orientation plate and the registration plate ranges between 25 mm and 50 mm.
20. The registration fixture of claim 11 , wherein the side frame comprises:
a first side frame extending laterally on one side of the base frame and having spaced apart optical tracking markers facing away from the base frame in a first direction;
a second side frame extending laterally on the other side of the base frame and having spaced apart optical tracking markers facing away from the base frame in a second direction opposite the first direction.