Method for making substituted furan compound embodiments and derivatives thereof
Disclosed herein are embodiments of a method for making substituted furan compounds using bioderived coupling partners and a heterogeneous catalyst. In particular disclosed embodiments, the method comprises coupling a furan compound with the coupling partner (e.g., an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic coupling partner) in the presence of the heterogeneous catalyst to provide the substituted furan compound.
1. A method, comprising reacting a first feedstock comprising a furan compound with a second feedstock comprising a coupling partner selected from prenol, farnesol, geraniol, cinnamyl alcohol, phytol, myrcene, or any combination thereof in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst to provide a substituted furan have a structure according to Formula I
wherein R 1 is an aliphatic group or an aliphatic-aromatic group provided by the coupling partner; and
when n is 1, then R 2 is methyl or is the same as R 1 , and when n is 0, then R 2 is not present.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first feedstock to the second feedstock ranges from 2:1 to 20:1.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first feedstock to the second feedstock ranges from 5:1 to 15:1.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the first feedstock to the second feedstock ranges from 5:1 to 10:1.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein n is 0 or wherein n is 1 and R 2 is methyl.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the second feedstock to the first feedstock ranges from 2:1 to 5:1.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein n is 1 and R 2 is the same as R 1 .
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heterogeneous catalyst is present in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt % to 50 wt % of the second feedstock.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heterogeneous catalyst is present in an amount ranging from 10 wt % to 50 wt % of the second feedstock.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the furan compound is furan, 2-methyl furan, 3-methyl furan, or a combination thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising converting the substituted furan to a hydrogenated product by exposing the substituted furan to a hydrogenation catalyst comprising palladium on a support material selected from activated carbon or BaSO 4 in the presence of H 2 gas.
12. A method, comprising:
reacting a first feedstock comprising a furan compound with a second feedstock comprising a coupling partner selected from prenol, farnesol, geraniol, cinnamyl alcohol, phytol, myrcene, or any combination thereof in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst to provide a substituted furan have a structure according to Formula I
wherein is an aliphatic group or an aliphatic-aromatic group provided by the coupling partner; and when n is 1, then R 2 is methyl or is the same as R 1 , and when n is 0, then R 2 is not present; and
exposing the substituted furan to a hydrogenation catalyst comprising palladium on a support material selected from activated carbon or BaSO 4 in the presence of H 2 gas to provide a selectively hydrogenated substituted furan wherein no olefins of the furan ring are hydrogenated.
13. A method, comprising:
combining a first feedstock, a second feedstock, and a catalyst to provide a feedstock reaction mixture, wherein the first feedstock comprises one of (i) a furan compound or (ii) a coupling partner selected from prenol, farnesol, geraniol, cinnamyl alcohol, phytol, myrcene, or any combination thereof, and wherein the second feedstock comprises the other of (i) the furan compound or (ii) the coupling partner;
allowing the feedstock reaction mixture to mix for a time suitable to provide a substituted furan compound having a structure according to Formula I; and
isolating the substituted furan compound, wherein
Formula I is
wherein R 1 is an aliphatic group or an aliphatic-aromatic group provided by the coupling partner; and
when n is 1, then R 2 is methyl or is the same as R 1 , and when n is 0, then R 2 is not present.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising exposing the substituted furan to a hydrogenation catalyst comprising palladium on a support material selected from activated carbon or BaSO 4 in the presence of H 2 gas to provide a selectively hydrogenated substituted furan, wherein no olefins of the furan ring are hydrogenated.