Materials for photoinitiated cationic ring-opening polymerization and uses thereof
The present disclosure relates to materials for photoinitiated cationic ring-opening polymerization (ROP). The present disclosure also relates to uses of the materials, e.g., in 3D printing.
1. A combination comprising:
(i) a ring-containing agent comprising an oxirane agent and an oxetane agent;
(ii) a polyol comprising a polytetrahydrofuran diol;
(iii) a sulfonium curing catalyst;
(iv) a stabilizer comprising a sulfide compound; and
(v) a sensitizer comprising 9,10-diethoxyanthracene, 9,10-dibutoxyanthracene, or a combination thereof;
wherein:
the sensitizer is present at a concentration of up to 0.5% w/w; and
the combination is configured to be suitable for inkjet 3D printing with a viscosity of about 100 cp or less as measured at a temperature of about 70° C.
2. The combination of claim 1 , further comprising a toughening agent, a surface tension modifier, a colorant, or any combination thereof.
3. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the combination is configured to be suitable for inkjet 3D printing with a viscosity of about 30 cp or less as measured at a temperature of about 70° C.
4. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the combination is configured to be suitable for inkjet 3D printing with a viscosity of about 20 cp or less as measured at a temperature of about 70° C.
5. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the oxirane agent or the oxetane agent comprises a bisphenol moiety.
6. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the polyol has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 250±100.
7. The combination of claim 6 , wherein the polyol has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 250±50.
8. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the sulfonium curing catalyst comprises (sulfanediyldibenzene-4,1-diyl)bis(diphenylsulfonium) bis(hexafluoroantimonate), (4-{[4-(diphenylsulfanylium)phenyl]-sulfanyl}phenyl)diphenylsulfonium bishexafluorophosphate, or any combination thereof.
9. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the sensitizer comprises 9,10-diethoxyanthracene present at a concentration of up to about 0.5% w/w.
10. The combination of claim 1 , further comprising a surface tension modifier, wherein the surface tension modifier is also a ring-containing agent.
11. The combination of claim 1 , further comprising a toughening agent, wherein the toughening agent comprises core-shell particles.
12. The combination of claim 11 , wherein the toughening agent further comprises a ring-containing agent.
13. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the oxetane agent comprises 3-ethyloxetane-3-methanol.
14. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the oxirane agent comprises (3-4-epoxycyclohexane)methyl 3′-4′-epoxycyclohexyl-carboxylate.
15. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the sulfide compound is a dialkyl sulfide.
16. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the polyol is present at a concentration of 15% w/w or less.
17. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the sulfonium curing catalyst is present at a concentration of 2±0.2% w/w.
18. The combination of claim 1 , wherein the sulfonium curing catalyst is present at a concentration of about 2% w/w.
19. The combination of claim 1 , further comprising a toughening agent, wherein the toughening agent is present at a concentration of about 30% w/w or more.
20. A build material or a kit, comprising the combination of claim 1 .
21. A method of preparing a cured material, comprising a step of subjecting the combination of claim 1 to a curing condition.
22. A cured material being prepared by the method of claim 21 .
23. A method of printing an object, comprising:
(i) depositing the combination of claim 1 ; and
(ii) subjecting the deposited combination to a curing condition.
24. A combination comprising:
a ring-containing agent comprising:
(3-4-epoxycyclohexane)methyl 3′-4′-epoxycyclohexyl-carboxylate present at a concentration of 45±15% w/w;
3-ethyloxetane-3-methanol present at a concentration of 15±5% w/w; and
an oxirane agent comprising a bisphenol moiety or an oxetane agent comprising a bisphenol moiety;
a dialkyl sulfide present at a concentration of about 0.2% w/w;
a polytetrahydrofuran diol present at a concentration of about 20±10% w/w;
9,10-diethoxyanthracene present at a concentration of up to about 0.2% w/w; and
(sulfanediyldibenzene-4,1-diyl)bis(diphenylsulfonium) bis(hexafluoroantimonate) present at a concentration of 2±0.2% w/w;
wherein the combination is configured to be suitable for inkjet 3D printing with a viscosity of about 100 cp or less as measured at a temperature of about 70° C.
25. The combination of claim 24 , wherein each component of the combination is configured to be suitable for inkjet 3D printing with a viscosity of about 30 cp or less as measured at a temperature of about 70° C.
26. The combination of claim 24 , wherein each component of the combination is configured to be suitable for inkjet 3D printing with a viscosity of about 20 cp or less as measured at a temperature of about 70° C.
27. The combination of claim 24 , wherein (3-4-epoxycyclohexane)methyl 3′-4′-epoxycyclohexyl-carboxylate is present at a concentration of 45±10% w/w.
28. A build material or a kit, comprising the combination of claim 24 .
29. A method of preparing a cured material, comprising a step of subjecting the combination of claim 24 to a curing condition.
30. A cured material being prepared by the method of claim 29 .
31. A method of printing an object, comprising:
(i) depositing the combination of claim 24 ; and
(ii) subjecting the deposited combination to a curing condition.