Method to produce high protein residuals
A system for treating whole stillage includes a stillage tank, a separation system in communication with the stillage tank and configured to separate the whole stillage into a wet cake portion and a thin stillage portion, and a primary filtration system in communication with the separation system. The primary filtration system can be configured to separate the thin stillage into a primary concentrate and a primary permeate. A secondary filtration system in communication with the primary filtration system can be configured to further purify the primary permeate. A water reclamation system in communication with the primary and/or secondary filtration system can remove water from the permeate. An additive can be added to the primary permeate to precipitate phosphorus-containing minerals and corn oil can be advantageously extracted from the primary concentrate. Protein-enriched animal feeds can be generated from dehydration of the primary concentrate.
1. A system for treating whole stillage comprising corn oil, the system comprising:
a whole stillage reservoir;
a separation system in fluid communication with the whole stillage reservoir and configured to separate the whole stillage into a wet cake portion and a thin stillage portion comprising the corn oil,
wherein the separation system includes one or more of a screen; a centrifuge; and a dissolved air flotation (DAF) system;
a primary filtration system in fluid communication with the separation system and configured to filter the thin stillage portion into a primary concentrate and a primary permeate, wherein the corn oil remains in the primary concentrate,
wherein the primary filtration system includes a member selected from a group consisting of a microfiltration system or an ultrafiltration system,
a fermenter fluidly coupled to the primary permeate obtained from the primary filtration system, wherein the primary permeate is configured for being recycled as backset to the fermenter;
a corn oil recovery system fluidly coupled to receive the primary concentrate obtained from the primary filtration system;
an evaporator fluidly coupled to receive the primary concentrate obtained from the primary filtration system and the corn oil recovery system,
wherein:
the corn oil recovery system is located and configured to receive (i) the primary concentrate; or (ii) partially dewatered primary concentrate from the evaporator,
the corn oil recovery system is configured to collect corn oil from the primary concentrate or the partially dewatered primary concentrate, and
the evaporator is located and configured to receive the primary concentrate and remove water from the primary concentrate, wherein the evaporator is located and configured to receive the primary concentrate either from: (i) the corn oil recovery system; or (ii) the primary filtration system; and
a dryer fluidly coupled to the evaporator and configured to receive the wet cake obtained from the separation system, wherein the dryer is located and configured to receive the dewatered primary concentrate from the evaporator and the wet cake from the separation system, wherein the dewatered primary concentrate and the wet cake are combined in the dryer and dried together to produce the high protein animal feed.
2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a secondary filtration system in fluid communication with the primary permeate, the secondary filtration system configured to filter the primary permeate into a secondary concentrate and a secondary permeate.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the secondary filtration system includes at least one of a tight ultrafiltration system with an average molecular weight cutoff of about 1 kilodalton and a nanofiltration system with a membrane pore size of about 100 daltons to about 500 daltons.
4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the secondary filtration system includes a member selected from a group consisting of an ultrafiltration system, a nanofiltration system, and a reverse osmosis system.
5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a water reclamation system in fluid communication with the secondary permeate, the water reclamation system comprising a semipermeable membrane configured to remove water from the secondary permeant to produce a light syrup using a forward osmosis process, a reverse osmosis process, or a combination thereof.
6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising
an additive reservoir fluidly coupled to the primary permeate,
the additive reservoir including an additive to precipitate a phosphate compound from the primary permeate,
wherein the additive includes a member selected from a group consisting of:
a source of ammonium ion, a source of magnesium ion, a source of potassium ion, a source of hydroxide ion, and a combination thereof, and
at least one of a gravity settler, a centrifuge, or a hydrocyclone, wherein the phosphorus-containing precipitate is precipitated and collected via the at least one of the gravity settler, centrifuge or hydrocyclone.
7. The system of claim 6 , comprising a gravity settler by which the phosphorus-containing precipitate is precipitated and collected, and wherein the gravity settler is a tank.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the primary filtration system is an ultrafiltration system, and the ultrafiltration system is a tight ultrafiltration system.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the primary filtration system is a microfiltration system.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the primary permeate comprises less than 100 milligrams per liter of oil.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the primary permeate comprises no detectable corn oil.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the separation system includes a centrifuge, and the corn oil recovery system executes the oil recovery process by feeding the primary concentrate enriched with the corn oil through the evaporator, utilizing demulsifiers, to facilitate extraction of the corn oil from the heated primary concentrate.
13. The system of claim 1 further comprising an anaerobic digester, wherein the primary concentrate is anaerobically digested.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the anaerobic digester is a high-rate treatment reactor.