Flame retardant vapor retarding membranes
The present disclosure relates generally to flame retarding building materials and methods for making them. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to flame retarding building materials that have both flame retardant character and desirable water vapor permeability values. In one embodiment, the disclosure provides a flame retardant vapor retarding membranes comprising: a building material substrate sheet having a melt viscosity of about 1 Pa·s to about 100,000 Pa·s at about 300° C. at 1 rad/s; and a polymeric coating layer disposed on the building material substrate layer, wherein the coating layer has a melt viscosity of about 1 Pa·s to about 100,000 Pa·s at about 300° C. at 1 rad/s.
1. A polymeric coating layer having a melt viscosity of about 1 Pa·s to about 1000 Pa·s measured at 300° C. and 1 rad/s, wherein the polymeric coating layer includes a continuous organic phase, with a particulate hydrophilic inorganic filler dispersed therein in an amount of about 10 wt % to about 70 wt %, the particulate hydrophilic inorganic filler being kaolin or a combination of kaolin and alumina trihydrate, the continuous organic phase comprising a hydrophobic polymer in an amount of at least about 70 wt %, based on the total weight of the continuous organic phase of the polymeric coating layer.
2. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymer is a styrene butadiene copolymer, an acrylic polymer or copolymer, a vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer, a poly(vinylidene chloride) polymer or copolymer, a poly(vinyl butyral), a polyolefin, or a combination thereof.
3. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic polymer is a styrene butadiene copolymer; or an acrylic polymer or copolymer.
4. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , comprising less than 2 wt % of polymeric hydrophilic components.
5. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , wherein the continuous organic phase further includes a lower molecular weight organic material having a melt viscosity less than or equal to the melt viscosity of the hydrophobic polymer, in an amount up to 15 wt % of the continuous organic phase.
6. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , wherein the particulate hydrophilic inorganic filler has a median particle size of about 2 to about 10 μm.
7. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , wherein the particulate hydrophilic inorganic filler is a combination of alumina trihydrate and kaolin.
8. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , wherein the particulate hydrophilic inorganic filler is kaolin.
9. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , further comprising one or more additional fillers selected from non-expandable graphite, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, talc, calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate, silica, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, antimony trioxide, clay, zinc borate, zinc oxide, zinc hydroxystannate, boehmite, aluminium diethyl phosphinate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium phosphate, melamine polyphosphate, melamine phosphate, melamine cyanurate, melamine, decabromodiphenyl ethane.
10. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , wherein a combined content of the particulate filler and the hydrophobic polymer is at least about 80% by weight of the polymeric coating layer.
11. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , wherein the particulate hydrophilic inorganic filler is 15-50 wt % kaolin and 50-85 wt % alumina trihydrate.
12. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , having a coat weight in the range of 40-500 g/m 2 .
13. The polymeric coating layer of claim 1 , having a melt viscosity of about 10 Pa·s to about 1000 Pa·s, measured at 300° C. and 1 rad/s.
14. A method for making a flame retardant vapor membrane, the method comprising
providing a building material substrate sheet; and
coating the polymeric coating layer of claim 1 onto the substrate sheet.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein coating the polymeric coating layer onto the substrate sheet includes providing a coating liquid comprising the hydrophobic polymer and the hydrophilic inorganic filler dispersed in a volatile liquid; coating the coating liquid onto the substrate sheet; and allowing the coated liquid to cure by drying to provide the polymeric coating layer.
16. A flame retardant vapor membrane, comprising
a building material substrate sheet; and
the polymeric coating layer of claim 1 coated onto the building material substrate sheet.
17. A flame retardant vapor membrane, comprising
a building material substrate sheet having a melt viscosity of about 1 Pa·s to about 10,000 Pa·s as measured at 300° C. and 1 rad/s; and
the polymeric coating layer according to claim 1 coated on the substrate sheet,
the membrane having a thickness in the range of 50-1000 microns.
18. The flame retardant vapor membrane of claim 17 , wherein the building material substrate sheet has a melt viscosity of about 10 Pa·s to about 10,000 Pa·s at measured at 300° C. and 1 rad/s; and the a polymeric coating layer has a melt viscosity of about 10 Pa·s to about 1000 Pa·s measured at 300° C. and 1 rad/s.
19. A polymeric coating layer according to claim 1 , wherein the polymeric coating layer does not include expandable graphite.
20. The polymeric coating layer according to claim 19 , having a melt viscosity of about 10 Pa·s to about 1000 Pa·s.