Riveting structure of electrode terminal, and cylindrical battery cell, battery pack and vehicle including the same
The riveting structure of an electrode terminal for a battery includes a battery housing having a bottom; an electrode terminal riveted through a hole formed in the bottom of the battery housing; and a gasket between the electrode terminal and the battery housing. Also, the electrode terminal includes a body portion inserted into the hole; an outer flange portion extending along an outer surface of the bottom of the battery housing from a first side of the body portion exposed through the outer surface; an inner flange portion extending toward an inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing from a second side of the body portion exposed through the inner surface; and a flat portion on the second side of the body portion.
1 . A riveting structure of an electrode terminal for a battery, comprising:
a battery housing having a bottom and a side wall, the side wall being integral with the bottom and extending from a periphery of the bottom in a perpendicular direction;
an electrode terminal riveted through a hole formed in the bottom of the battery housing; and
a gasket between the electrode terminal and the battery housing,
wherein the electrode terminal includes:
a body portion inserted into the hole;
an outer flange portion extending along an outer surface of the bottom of the battery housing from a first side of the body portion exposed through the outer surface;
an inner flange portion extending toward an inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing from a second side of the body portion exposed through the inner surface, wherein the inner flange portion has a first surface facing the inner surface of the bottom and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a recess is formed between a side surface of the body portion and the second surface of the inner flange portion; and
a flat portion on the second side of the body portion,
wherein an exposed surface of the electrode terminal outside the battery housing is a first terminal having a first polarity and an outer surface of the bottom adjacent to the exposed surface is a second terminal having a second polarity.
2 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the flat portion is parallel with the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing.
3 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein an angle between the inner flange portion and the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing is in a range of 0° to 60°.
4 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the recess has an asymmetric cross section.
5 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 4 , wherein the asymmetric cross section of the recess includes a sidewall and an inclined surface of the inner flange portion connected to an end of the sidewall.
6 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 5 , wherein the sidewall is perpendicular to the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing.
7 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 5 , wherein the sidewall is inclined toward the flat portion.
8 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the inner flange portion has a gradually decreasing thickness in a direction extending away from the body portion.
9 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the gasket includes:
an outer gasket between the outer flange portion and the outer surface of the bottom of the battery housing, and
an inner gasket between the inner flange portion and the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing,
wherein the inner gasket has a varying thickness.
10 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein a region of the inner gasket between an inner edge of the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing and the inner flange portion has a relatively smaller thickness than a remainder of the inner gasket.
11 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein a region of the inner gasket between the battery housing and the body portion has a gradually decreasing thickness in a direction extending from the outer flange portion.
12 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein a region of the inner gasket between the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing and a region near an end of the inner flange portion has a smaller thickness than a remainder of the inner gasket.
13 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein the inner edge of the hole includes a facing surface that faces the inner flange portion.
14 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein the inner gasket extends outwardly further than the inner flange portion.
15 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein a height of the flat portion is equal to or larger than a height of an end of the inner gasket based on the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing.
16 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein a height of the flat portion is equal to or larger than a height of the inner flange portion based on the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing.
17 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein a height of the inner flange portion is larger than a height of an end of the inner gasket based on the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing.
18 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein at least a portion of the outer gasket is exposed to the outside of the outer flange portion, and
a width of the exposed portion of the outer gasket measured in a direction parallel to the outer surface of the bottom of the battery housing is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
19 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 9 , wherein a compression ratio of the inner gasket is 30% to 90%, and
wherein the compression ratio is a ratio of thickness change at a maximum compression point to a thickness before compression of the gasket.
20 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 19 , wherein the inner gasket includes polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene fluoride, or polypropylene, and
wherein the compression ratio of the inner gasket is 50% to 90%.
21 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein a height of the inner flange portion is 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm based on the inner surface of the bottom of the battery housing.
22 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 21 , wherein a height of the electrode terminal extending from a lower surface of the outer flange portion to a surface of the flat portion is 4 mm to 7 mm.
23 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein a height of the outer flange portion is 0.8 mm or more based on the outer surface of the bottom of the battery housing.
24 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein a radius from a center of the body portion to an edge of the outer flange portion is 10% to 70% of a radius of the bottom of the battery housing.
25 . The riveting structure of an electrode terminal according to claim 1 , wherein a radius from a center of the body portion to an edge of the flat portion is 4% to 30% of a radius of the bottom of the battery housing.
26 . A battery, comprising:
an electrode assembly comprising a first electrode and a second electrode wound with a separator therebetween, wherein each of the first electrode and the second electrode has a first portion coated with an active material, and a second portion, wherein the second portion of the first electrode and the second portion of the second electrode are extended from opposite ends of the electrode assembly and exposed to the outside of the separator;
a battery housing accommodating the electrode assembly and electrically connected to the first electrode, the battery housing having a first end with a first opening, a second end opposite the first end and forming a bottom, and a side wall being integral with the bottom and extending from a periphery of the bottom in a perpendicular direction;
an electrode terminal riveted through a hole formed in the second end of the battery housing and electrically connected to the second electrode, the electrode terminal including:
a body portion inserted into the hole;
an outer flange portion extending along an outer surface of the second end of the battery housing from a first side of the body portion exposed through the outer surface;
an inner flange portion extending toward an inner surface of the second end of the battery housing from a second side of the body portion exposed through the inner surface, wherein the inner flange portion has a first surface facing the inner surface of the bottom and a second surface opposite to the first surface of the inner flange portion, and a recess is formed between a side surface of the body portion and the second surface of the inner flange portion; and
a flat portion in the second side of the body portion;
a gasket between the electrode terminal and the battery housing; and
a sealing body sealing the first opening of the first end of the battery housing,
wherein an exposed surface of the electrode terminal outside the battery housing is a first terminal having a first polarity and an outer surface of the bottom adjacent to the exposed surface is a second terminal having a second polarity.
27 . The battery according to claim 26 , wherein the battery housing includes a beading portion formed in a region adjacent to the first end of the battery housing which is pressed-in into the battery housing, and
wherein the sealing body includes a cap having no polarity and a sealing gasket between an edge of the cap and the first end of the battery housing.
28 . The battery according to claim 27 , wherein the battery housing further includes a crimping portion extended and bent into the inside of the battery housing to surround and fix the edge of the cap together with the sealing gasket.
29 . The battery according to claim 27 , wherein the cap includes a vent notch that ruptures when a pressure inside the battery housing exceeds a threshold pressure.
30 . The battery according to claim 29 , wherein the vent notch is ruptured when the pressure inside the battery housing is in a range of 15 kgf/cm2 to 35 kgf/cm2.
31 . The battery according to claim 27 , further comprising:
a first current collecting unit coupled to the second portion of the first electrode,
wherein at least a part of an edge of the first current collecting unit not in contact with the second portion of the first electrode is between the beading portion and the sealing gasket and fixed by the crimping portion.
32 . The battery according to claim 31 , wherein at least a part of the edge of the first current collecting unit is fixed to an inner circumference of the beading portion adjacent to the crimping portion by welding.
33 . The battery according to claim 26 , further comprising:
a second current collecting unit coupled to the second portion of the second electrode plate,
wherein at least a part of the second current collecting unit is coupled to the flat portion of the electrode terminal.
34 . The battery according to claim 33 , wherein the second current collecting unit and the flat portion of the electrode terminal are coupled through welding, and
wherein a tensile force of a weld between the second current collecting unit and the flat portion of the electrode terminal is 2 kgf or above.
35 . The battery according to claim 34 , wherein a diameter of a welding pattern exposed on a surface of the second current collecting unit is 2 mm or more.
36 . The battery according to claim 34 , wherein a ratio of an area of a welding pattern exposed on a surface of the second current collecting unit to an area of the flat portion of the electrode terminal is 2.04% to 44.4%.
37 . The battery according to claim 33 , further comprising:
an insulator between the second current collecting unit and an inner surface of the second end of the battery housing and between an inner surface of a sidewall of the battery housing and the electrode assembly.
38 . The battery according to claim 37 , wherein the insulator has a welding hole formed to expose the flat portion of the electrode terminal toward the second current collecting unit and covers a surface of the second current collecting unit and an edge of one side of the electrode assembly.
39 . The battery according to claim 38 , wherein a height from the inner surface of the second end of the battery housing to the flat portion of the electrode terminal is equal to or smaller than a thickness of the insulator.
40 . The battery according to claim 38 , wherein the gasket includes:
an outer gasket between the outer flange portion and the outer surface of the second end of the battery housing; and
an inner gasket between the inner flange portion and the inner surface of the second end of the battery housing.
41 . The battery according to claim 40 , wherein an end of the inner gasket is exposed to the outside of the inner flange portion.
42 . The battery according to claim 41 , wherein the welding hole exposes the flat portion of the electrode terminal, the inner flange portion and the inner gasket.
43 . The battery according to claim 40 , wherein the welding hole exposes the flat portion of the electrode terminal and the inner flange portion.
44 . The battery according to claim 26 , wherein a diameter of the flat portion of the electrode terminal is 3 mm to 14 mm.
45 . The battery according to claim 26 , wherein a first bus bar terminal is electrically coupled to a surface of the electrode terminal, and a second bus bar terminal is electrically coupled to the outer surface of the second end of the battery housing.
46 . The battery according to claim 45 , wherein the first bus bar terminal overlaps with the electrode terminal on a plane to form a first overlapping region, and the second bus bar terminal overlaps with the outer surface of the second end of the battery housing to form a second overlapping region, and
wherein a diameter of the electrode terminal and a width of the outer surface of the second end of the battery housing satisfy the following relational expression,
W 1≤ E 1≤ D− 2 Rd− 2 G− 2 W 2
E 2=0.5*( D− 2 Rd− 2 G−E 1)
wherein E1 is a diameter of the outer flange portion of the electrode terminal, E2 is a width of an exposed surface parallel to a surface of the electrode terminal in the outer surface of the second end of the battery housing, D is a diameter of the battery housing, Rd is a width of a round region at an edge of the battery housing measured on a plane, G is an exposure width of the outer gasket through an edge of the electrode terminal, W1 is a maximum value among distances between any two points selected in an edge of the first overlapping region, and W2 is a maximum value among distances between two points where a plurality of linear lines passing through the center of the electrode terminal meet an edge of the second overlapping region.
47 . The battery according to claim 26 , wherein a ratio of a diameter of the battery to a height of the battery is greater than 0.4.
48 . A battery pack, comprising a plurality of batteries according to claim 26 .
49 . The battery pack according to claim 48 , wherein the plurality of batteries are arranged in a predetermined number of columns, and
wherein the electrode terminal and the outer surface of the second end of the battery housing of each battery of the plurality of batteries are disposed to face upward.
50 . The battery pack according to claim 49 , further comprising:
a plurality of bus bars connecting the plurality of batteries in series and in parallel,
wherein the plurality of bus bars are disposed above the plurality of batteries,
wherein each bus bar of the plurality of bus bars includes:
a body extending between electrode terminals of adjacent batteries;
a plurality of first bus bar terminals respectively extending in one side direction from the body and electrically coupled to the electrode terminal of the battery located in the one side direction; and
a plurality of second bus bar terminals respectively extending in the other side direction from the body and electrically coupled to the outer surface of the second end of the battery housing of the battery located in the other side direction.
51 . The battery pack according to claim 49 , wherein an AC resistance of the battery measured between the electrode terminal and the outer surface of the second end of the battery housing is 4 milliohms (mohm) or less.
52 . A vehicle, comprising at least one battery pack according to claim 48 .