Electrically heated, hybrid high-temperature method
A method of continuously performing one or more heat-consuming processes, where at least one heat-consuming process is electrically heated. The maximum temperature in the reaction zone of the heat-consuming process is higher than 500° C., at least 70% of products of the heat-consuming process are continuously processed further downstream and/or fed to a local energy carrier network, and the electrical energy required for the heat-consuming process is drawn from an external power grid and from at least one local power source. The local power source is fed by at least one local energy carrier network and by products from the heat-consuming process. The local energy carrier network stores natural gas, naphtha, hydrogen, synthesis gas, and/or steam as energy carrier, and has a total capacity of at least 5 GWh. The local energy carrier network is fed with at least one further product and/or by-product from at least one further chemical process.
1. A method of continuously performing at least one heat-consuming chemical process of a chemical site obtaining hydrogen, the method comprising:
drawing electrical energy required for at least one heat-consuming process from an external power grid and from at least one local power source,
feeding the at least one local power source from at least one local energy carrier network, to an extent of at least 50% of annual energy demand of the at least one local power source,
feeding said at least one local power source with hydrogen that comes directly from the at least one heat-consuming process, to an extent of not more than 50% of annual energy demand of the at least one local power source,
storing hydrogen from the at least one heat-consuming process as an energy carrier in the at least one local energy carrier network, and
feeding a local hydrogen network with hydrogen from at least one further chemical process;
wherein the at least one heat-consuming process is electrically heated, the maximum temperature in a reaction zone of the at least one heat-consuming process is higher than 500° C., and at least 50% of hydrogen of the at least one heat-consuming process is continuously processed further via a product conduit in downstream processes and via a conduit supplied to the local hydrogen network, and
wherein a total capacity of the local hydrogen network is at least 5 GWh.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one local energy carrier network comprises at least two different local energy carrier networks, and wherein one of the at least two different local energy carrier networks stores natural gas, naphtha, synthesis gas, or steam as an energy carrier.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen from the at least one heat-consuming process as the energy carrier in the at least one local hydrogen network is distributed via associated pipe grids and storage vessels.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one local energy carrier network bas a total capacity of at least 20 GWh.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the local hydrogen network is fed from a process selected from the group consisting of steamcracking, steam reforming, methane pyrolysis, styrene synthesis, propane dehydrogenation, synthesis gas production, and formaldehyde synthesis.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one local power source is a gas turbine, a steam turbine, and/or a fuel cell.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the energy required by the at least one heat-consuming process is provided by electrical energy to an extent of at least 90%.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one heat-consuming process is performed on an integrated site.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one local power source has a startup time of shorter than 15 minutes.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a reactor used for the at least one heat-consuming process comprises a random packing of solid particles of electrically conductive material.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the at least one heat-consuming process is performed in a moving bed with countercurrent flow of a solid-state stream and a gas stream, and wherein the moving bed has a volume-specific heat capacity of 300 KJ/(m 3 K) to 5000 KJ/(m 3 K).
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein tapping from the external power grid and switching-on and -off of the at least one local power source is controlled depending on cost of power.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one heat-consuming process is steam reforming, dry reforming, thermolysis of water, pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, and/or cracking of hydrocarbons.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method provides minute reserve for a public power grid.