Combination of nitazoxanide and elafibranor for the treatment of immune diseases or inflammation

1. A method for reducing or stopping immune cell infiltration into a tissue or organ in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject a combination of:

(i) a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

in which:

R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a (C6-C14) aryl group, a heterocyclic group, a (C3-C14)cycloalkyl group, a (C1-C6)alkyl group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfoxyde group, a (C1-C6)alkylcarbonyl group, a (C1-C6)alkyloxy, a carboxylic group, a carboxylate group, a nitro group (NO2), an amino group (NH2), a (C1-C6)alkylamino group, an amido group, a (C1-C6)alkylamido group or a (C1-C6)dialkylamido group;

R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a NO2 group, a (C6-C14) aryl group, a heterocyclic group, a halogen atom, a (C1-C6)alkyl group, a (C3-C14)cycloalkyl group, a (C2-C6)alkynyl group, a (C1-C6)alkyloxy group, a (C1-C6)alkylthio group, a (C1-C6)alkylcarbonyl group, a (C1-C6)alkylcarbonylamino group, a (C6-C14) arylcarbonylamino group, a carboxylic or carboxylate group, an amido group, a (C1-C6)alkylamido group, a (C1-C6)dialkylamido group, a NH2 group or a (C1-C6)alkylamino group;

or R1 and R2, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted 5- to 8-membered cycloalkyl, heterocyclic or aryl group;

R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a (C1-C6)alkylcarbonyl group, an (C1-C6)alkyl group, an (C1-C6)alkyloxy group, an (C1-C6)alkylthio group, an (C1-C6)alkylcarbonyloxy group, an (C6-C14) aryloxy group, a (C6-C14) aryl group, a heterocyclic group, a (C3-C14)cycloalkyl group, a NO2 group, a sulfonylaminoalkyle group, an NH2 group, an amino (C1-C6)alkyl group, an (C1-C6)alkylcarbonylamino group, a carboxylic group, a carboxylate group, or a R9 group;

R9 represents a O-R8 group or an amino acid selected from the group consisting of alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine, or a moiety of formula (A):

wherein R′ represents an (C1-C6)alkyl group, an (C2-C6)alkenyl group, an (C2-C6)alkynyl group, a (C3-C14)cycloalkyl group, (C3-C14)cycloalkylalkyl group, a (C3-C14)cycloalkyl(C2-C6)alkenyl group, a (C3-C14)cycloalkenyl group, a (C3-C14)cycloalkenyl(C1-C6)alkyl group, a (C3-C14)cycloalkenyl(C2-C6)alkenyl group or a (C3-C14)cycloalkenyl(C2-C6)alkynyl group; wherein R″ and R′″, independently, represent a hydrogen atom, an (C1-C6)alkyl group, or a nitrogen protecting group; and

R8 represents a hydrogen atom, a deuterium atom, a glucuronidyl group, or a

group wherein, R8a, R8b and R8c, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a deuterium atom; and

(ii) a compound of formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

in which:

Y1 represents a halogen, a Ra, or Ga-Ra group;

A represents a CH═CH or a CH2-CH2 group;

Y2 represents a Gb-Rb group;

Ga and Gb, identical or different, represent an atom of oxygen or sulfur;

Ra represents a hydrogen atom, an unsubstituted (C1-C6)alkyl group, a (C6-C14) aryl group or a (C1-C6)alkyl group that is substituted by one or more halogen atoms, a (C1-C6)alkoxy or a (C1-C6)alkylthio group, (C3-C14)cycloalkyl groups, (C3-C14)cycloalkylthio groups or heterocyclic groups;

Rb represents a (C1-C6)alkyl group substituted by at least a -COORc group, wherein Rc represents a hydrogen atom, or a (C1-C6)alkyl group that is substituted or not by one or more halogen atoms, (C3-C14)cycloalkyl groups, or heterocyclic groups; and

Y4 and Y5, identical or different, representing a (C1-C6)alkyl group that is substituted or not by one or more halogen atoms, (C3-C14)cycloalkyl groups or heterocyclic groups.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the tissue or organ is the liver.

3. The method according to claim 1 , for reducing or stopping NASH-associated immune cell infiltration into the liver, NAFLD-associated immune cell infiltration into the liver, ASH-associated immune cell infiltration into the liver, PBC-associated immune cell infiltration into the liver, or PSC-associated immune cell infiltration into the liver.

4. The method according to claim 1 , for reducing or stopping T cell infiltration.

5. The method according to claim 1 , for reducing or stopping T cell infiltration into the liver.

6. The method according to claim 1 , for reducing or stopping NASH-associated T cell infiltration into the liver.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (I) is nitazoxanide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (II) is elafibranor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the combination is a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of formula (I), the compound of formula (II) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the combination is a kit comprising the compound of formula (I) and the compound of formula (II), for sequential, separate or simultaneous use.