Methods for creating a critical crust reservoir model
Provided herein are systems and methods for generating reservoir models including the SOC nature of the Earth's crust. The methods employ seismic emission tomography (SET) to generate three dimensional models of a formation providing permeability without the need for traditional reservoir modeling techniques and allowing for the identification of naturally-occurring permeability pathways that provide accurate and precise locations for the efficient recovery of hydrocarbons or other fluids.
1. A method for determining a permeability field architecture of at least a portion of a fluid reservoir, the method comprising the steps of:
establishing a seismic array in the vicinity of a wellbore in fluid communication with said fluid reservoir; wherein said seismic array is operable to acquire seismic energy emission data and said seismic array comprises a plurality of seismic energy sensors;
generating a change in fluid pressure in said fluid reservoir;
acquiring seismic energy emission data from said seismic array prior to and after said change in fluid pressure;
processing a selected portion of said seismic energy emission data to generate three dimensional spatial representations of a fluid pressure wave through said portion of said fluid reservoir; wherein said processing further comprises identifying a semblance band utilizing semblance filtering techniques;
determining a permeability field architecture of said portion of said fluid reservoir based on said fluid pressure wave; and
identifying at least one high permeability pathway in said fluid reservoir, wherein said high permeability pathway corresponds to a medial surface of said fluid reservoir.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said permeability field architecture includes naturally occurring fractures and faults in said fluid reservoir.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said high permeability pathway has a permeability selected from the range of 10 to 10 6 times the average permeability of said portion of said fluid reservoir.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising generating a permeability model from said fluid pressure wave propagating through said portion of said fluid reservoir.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said permeability field architecture comprises a plurality of voxels and each of said voxels has a determined permeability.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein each of said voxels has a lateral dimension, a vertical dimension or both of less than or equal to 10 m.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein each of said voxels has a lateral dimension, a vertical dimension or both of less than or equal to 5 m.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of acquiring seismic energy emission data occurs continuously over a period of time.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said step of processing said selected portion of said seismic energy data includes generating a time lapse display.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein said time period comprises said step of generating a change of fluid pressure in said fluid reservoir.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of processing said selected portion of seismic energy data further comprises determining a permeability scalar of said fluid reservoir.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein said permeability scalar is determined from a velocity of a fluid pressure wave through said portion of said fluid reservoir.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fluid reservoir contains hydrocarbons.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of using a peak picker method to locate a plurality of adjacent voxels having a highest semblance value to identify a surface one voxel in thickness corresponding to a high permeability pathway.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the medial surface comprises a plurality of medial surfaces.
16. A method for determining a permeability field architecture of at least a portion of a fluid reservoir, the method comprising the steps of:
establishing a seismic array in the vicinity of a wellbore in fluid communication with said fluid reservoir; wherein said seismic array is operable to acquire seismic energy emission data and said seismic array comprises a plurality of seismic energy sensors;
generating a change in fluid pressure in said fluid reservoir;
continuously acquiring seismic energy emission data from said seismic array during said change in fluid pressure;
processing a selected portion of said seismic energy emission data to generate a plurality of voxels corresponding to three dimensional spatial representations of fluid flow through said portion of said fluid reservoir, wherein said processing step includes identifying a semblance band for said data utilizing semblance filtering techniques;
generating a value of the permeability scalar K from a velocity of a fluid pressure wave through said portion of said fluid reservoir;
determining a permeability field architecture of said portion of said fluid reservoir based on said fluid flow; and
identifying at least one high permeability pathway in said fluid reservoir, wherein said high permeability pathway corresponds to a medial surface of said fluid reservoir.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said step of acquiring seismic energy emission data occurs continuously over a period of time and said step of processing said selected portion of said seismic energy data includes generating a time lapse display.
18. A method for identifying a high permeability pathway in a permeability field architecture of at least a portion of a fluid reservoir, comprising:
establishing a seismic array in the vicinity of a wellbore in fluid communication with said fluid reservoir; wherein said seismic array is operable to acquire seismic energy emission data and said seismic array comprises a plurality of seismic energy sensors;
generating a change in fluid pressure is said fluid reservoir;
acquiring seismic energy emission data from said seismic array prior to and after said change in fluid pressure;
processing a selected portion of said seismic energy emission data to generate three dimensional spatial representations of fluid flow through said portion of said fluid reservoir, wherein said processing step includes identifying a semblance band for said data utilizing semblance filtering techniques;
determining a permeability field architecture of said portion of said fluid reservoir based on a fluid pressure wave generated from said fluid flow; and
identifying at least one high permeability pathway in said fluid reservoir, wherein said high permeability pathway corresponds to a medial surface of said fluid reservoir.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein said high permeability pathway has a permeability selected from the range of 10 to 10 6 times the average permeability of said portion of said fluid reservoir.