Out-of-plane curved fluidic oscillator
Various implementations include, an out-of-plane feedback-type fluidic oscillator. including a first portion, a second portion, a middle portion coupled between the first portion and the middle portion, and an axis of rotation. The middle portion includes a first side, a second side opposite and spaced apart from the first side, and a middle plane, an interaction chamber, a fluid supply inlet, an outlet nozzle, a first feedback a channel, and a second feedback channel. The first side is coupled to the first portion, and the second side is coupled to the second portion. The first side, the second side, and the middle plane extend circumferentially around the axis of rotation. The middle plane is disposed equally distanced from the first side and the second side. The fluid stream oscillates as it flows through the interaction chamber such that the fluid stream oscillates as the fluid stream exits the outlet nozzle.
1. An out-of-plane feedback-type fluidic oscillator, the fluidic oscillator comprising:
a first portion, a second portion, a middle portion coupled between the first portion and the second portion, and an axis of curvature, the middle portion comprising:
a first side, a second side opposite and spaced apart from the first side, and a middle plane, the first side being coupled to the first portion and the second side being coupled to the second portion, wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane extend circumferentially around the axis of curvature such that the middle plane is positioned radially outward from the second side and the first side is positioned radially outward from the middle plane, the middle plane being disposed equally distanced from the first side and the second side;
an interaction chamber having a first attachment wall and a second attachment wall opposite and spaced apart from the first attachment wall,
a fluid supply inlet for introducing a fluid stream into the interaction chamber,
an outlet nozzle downstream of the fluid supply inlet, wherein the fluid stream exits the interaction chamber through the outlet nozzle,
wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane are continuously curved around the axis of curvature from the fluid supply inlet to the outlet nozzle; and
a first feedback channel coupled to the first attachment wall and a second feedback channel coupled to the second attachment wall, the first feedback channel and second feedback channel being in fluid communication with the interaction chamber, each of the first feedback channel and second feedback channel having a first end, a second end opposite and spaced apart from the first end, and an intermediate portion disposed between the first end and second end, wherein the first end is adjacent the outlet nozzle and the second end is adjacent the fluid supply inlet, wherein the first attachment wall and second attachment wall of the interaction chamber are shaped to allow fluid from the fluid stream to flow into the first ends of the first feedback channel and second feedback channel, respectively, causing the fluid stream to oscillate between the first attachment wall and second attachment wall of the interaction chamber such that the fluid stream oscillates as the fluid stream exits the outlet nozzle.
2. The fluidic oscillator of claim 1 , wherein the outlet nozzle has a smallest hydraulic diameter, D, and the middle plane has a radius of curvature, R, and a bending angle, θ, wherein R/D≤845.49(θ) −1 .
3. The fluidic oscillator of claim 1 , wherein the middle plane has a bending angle, θ, wherein 15° <θ<90° .
4. The fluidic oscillator of claim 1 , wherein the outlet nozzle has a depth measured from the first portion to the second portion and a smallest width measured perpendicular to the depth, wherein the depth is less than or equal to the width but greater than or equal to half of the width.
5. The fluidic oscillator of claim 1 , wherein the fluid stream exiting the outlet nozzle oscillates at an oscillation angle of 70 degrees or less.
6. The fluidic oscillator of claim 1 , wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane have a constant radius of curvature.
7. An airfoil comprising:
a body having an upper surface, a lower surface opposite and spaced apart from the upper surface, and a leading edge; and
an out-of-plane feedback-type fluidic oscillator, the fluidic oscillator comprising:
a first portion, a second portion, a middle portion coupled between the first portion and the second portion, and an axis of curvature, the middle portion comprising:
a first side, a second side opposite and spaced apart from the first side, and a middle plane, the first side being coupled to the first portion and the second side being coupled to the second portion, wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane extend circumferentially around the axis of curvature such that the middle plane is positioned radially outward from the second side and the first side is positioned radially outward from the middle plane, the middle plane being disposed equally distanced from the first side and the second side;
an interaction chamber having a first attachment wall and a second attachment wall opposite and spaced apart from the first attachment wall,
a fluid supply inlet for introducing a fluid stream into the interaction chamber,
an outlet nozzle downstream of the fluid supply inlet, wherein the fluid stream exits the interaction chamber through the outlet nozzle,
wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane are continuously curved around the axis of curvature from the fluid supply inlet to the outlet nozzle; and
a first feedback channel coupled to the first attachment wall and a second feedback channel coupled to the second attachment wall, the first feedback channel and second feedback channel being in fluid communication with the interaction chamber, each of the first feedback channel and second feedback channel having a first end, a second end opposite and spaced apart from the first end, and an intermediate portion disposed between the first end and second end, wherein the first end is adjacent the outlet nozzle and the second end is adjacent the fluid supply inlet, wherein the first attachment wall and second attachment wall of the interaction chamber are shaped to allow fluid from the fluid stream to flow into the first ends of the first feedback channel and second feedback channel, respectively, causing the fluid stream to oscillate between the first attachment wall and second attachment wall of the interaction chamber such that the fluid stream oscillates as the fluid stream exits the outlet nozzle;
wherein the outlet nozzle is defined by a portion of the upper surface and the fluidic oscillator is positioned such that the fluid stream exiting the outlet nozzle flows over a portion of the upper surface of the body.
8. The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the outlet nozzle has a smallest hydraulic diameter, D, and the middle plane has a radius of curvature, R, and a bending angle, θ, wherein R/D≤845.49(θ) −1 .
9. The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the middle plane has a bending angle, θ, wherein 15° <θ<90° .
10. The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the outlet nozzle has a depth measured from the first portion to the second portion and a smallest width measured perpendicular to the depth, wherein the depth is less than or equal to the width but greater than or equal to half of the width.
11. The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the fluid stream exiting the outlet nozzle oscillates at an oscillation angle of 70 degrees or less.
12. The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the fluid stream exiting the outlet nozzle oscillates in an oscillation plane, the oscillation plane being at an oscillation plane angle to the portion of the upper surface from which the fluid stream exits the outlet nozzle, wherein the oscillation plane angle is between 10 degrees and 0 degrees.
13. The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the body has trailing edge and a chord line extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge, the body further having a maximum thickness plane perpendicular to the chord line, wherein the portion of the upper surface defining the outlet nozzle is between the leading edge and the maximum thickness plane.
14. The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the fluid stream is supplied to the fluid supply inlet by an air compressor.
15. The airfoil of claim 7 , wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane have a constant radius of curvature.
16. A turbine comprising:
at least one turbine blade having an upper surface, a lower surface spaced apart from the upper surface, and a leading edge; and
an out-of-plane feedback-type fluidic oscillator, the fluidic oscillator comprising:
a first portion, a second portion, a middle portion coupled between the first portion and the second portion, and an axis of curvature, the middle portion comprising:
a first side, a second side opposite and spaced apart from the first side, and a middle plane, the first side being coupled to the first portion and the second side being coupled to the second portion, wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane extend circumferentially around the axis of curvature such that the middle plane is positioned radially outward from the second side and the first side is positioned radially outward from the middle plane, the middle plane being disposed equally distanced from the first side and the second side;
an interaction chamber having a first attachment wall and a second attachment wall opposite and spaced apart from the first attachment wall,
a fluid supply inlet for introducing a fluid stream into the interaction chamber,
an outlet nozzle downstream of the fluid supply inlet, wherein the fluid stream exits the interaction chamber through the outlet nozzle,
wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane are continuously curved around the axis of curvature from the fluid supply inlet to the outlet nozzle; and
a first feedback channel coupled to the first attachment wall and a second feedback channel coupled to the second attachment wall, the first feedback channel and second feedback channel being in fluid communication with the interaction chamber, each of the first feedback channel and second feedback channel having a first end, a second end opposite and spaced apart from the first end, and an intermediate portion disposed between the first end and second end, wherein the first end is adjacent the outlet nozzle and the second end is adjacent the fluid supply inlet, wherein the first attachment wall and second attachment wall of the interaction chamber are shaped to allow fluid from the fluid stream to flow into the first ends of the first feedback channel and second feedback channel, respectively, causing the fluid stream to oscillate between the first attachment wall and second attachment wall of the interaction chamber such that the fluid stream oscillates as the fluid stream exits the outlet nozzle;
wherein the outlet nozzle is defined by the upper surface and the fluidic oscillator is positioned such that the fluid stream exiting the outlet nozzle flows over a portion of the upper surface of the at least one turbine blade.
17. The turbine of claim 16 , wherein the outlet nozzle has a smallest hydraulic diameter, D, and the middle plane has a radius of curvature, R, and a bending angle, θ, wherein R/D≤845.49(θ) −1 .
18. The turbine of claim 16 , wherein the middle plane has a bending angle, θ, wherein 15° <θ<90° .
19. The turbine of claim 16 , wherein the outlet nozzle has a depth measured from the first portion to the second portion and a smallest width measured perpendicular to the depth, wherein the depth is less than or equal to the width but greater than or equal to half of the width.
20. The turbine of claim 16 , wherein the fluid stream exiting the outlet nozzle oscillates at an oscillation angle of 70 degrees or less.
21. The turbine of claim 16 , wherein the fluid stream exiting the outlet nozzle oscillates in an oscillation plane, the oscillation plane being at an oscillation plane angle to the portion of the upper surface from which the fluid stream exits the outlet nozzle, wherein the oscillation plane angle is between 10 degrees and 0 degrees.
22. The turbine of claim 16 , wherein the at least one turbine blade has trailing edge and a chord line extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge, the at least one turbine blade further having a maximum thickness plane perpendicular to the chord line, wherein the portion of the upper surface defining the outlet nozzle is between the leading edge and the maximum thickness plane.
23. The turbine of claim 16 , wherein the fluid stream is supplied to the fluid supply inlet by an air compressor.
24. The turbine of claim 16 , wherein the first side, the second side, and the middle plane have a constant radius of curvature.